Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,234 questions · 2,325 findings · 216 reviews · Airways

No studies found 249 · 10.7%GRADE not reported 107 · 4.6%Very low 276 · 11.9%Low 751 · 32.3%Moderate 718 · 30.9%High 224 · 9.6%

Medical or surgical intervention, or both, for gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease vs nil intervention, delayed intervention control, or placebo

Lung function: FEV1 mL (change from baseline) · treatment for asthma in adults and children with asthma and GORD
1 finding from 1 review

Medical or surgical intervention, or both, for gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease vs nil intervention, delayed intervention control, or placebo

Use of "rescue" medications and emergency action plans: B2 use puffs per day Duration of treatment: range 14 weeks to 24 weeks · treatment for asthma in adults and children with asthma and GORD
1 finding from 1 review

Medical or surgical intervention, or both, for gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease vs nil intervention, delayed intervention control, or placebo

Healthcare utilisation ‐ not measured · treatment for asthma in adults and children with asthma and GORD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs usual care

Change in arterial partial pressure of oxygen · stable COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs standard treatment following a severe exacerbation

Change in arterial partial pressure of oxygen · post‐exacerbation COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs standard treatment following a severe exacerbation

Change in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide · post‐exacerbation COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs standard treatment following a severe exacerbation

Change in the health‐related quality of life · post‐exacerbation COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs standard treatment following a severe exacerbation

Admission‐free survival · post‐exacerbation COPD

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation may leads to lower admission‐free survival compared with standard treatment following a severe exacerbation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs standard treatment following a severe exacerbation

All‐cause mortality · post‐exacerbation COPD

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with standard treatment following a severe exacerbation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs usual care

Change in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide · stable COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of Findings Table ‐ Chronic non‐invasive ventilation vs usual care

Change in the health‐related quality of life · stable COPD
2 findings from 1 review

Macrolides vs placebo

Severe exacerbations requiring hospitalisation over the study period · adults and children with chronic asthma

Macrolides showed no clear difference in exacerbation requiring hospitalisation Weighted mean study duration:… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Macrolides vs placebo

Severe exacerbations (requiring ED visits or systemic steroids, or both) Number of people having ≥ 1 exacerbations requiring an ED visit or systemic steroids, or both. Classification varied across studies. Weighted mean study duration: 35 weeks · adults and children with chronic asthma

Macrolides probably leads to lower severe exacerbations (requiring ED visits or systemic steroids, or… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review