Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,281 questions · 1,361 findings · 120 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems

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No studies found 286 · 21%GRADE not reported 61 · 4.5%Very low 381 · 28%Low 381 · 28%Moderate 228 · 16.8%High 24 · 1.8%

Summary of findings table ‐ Meditation based on mindfulness vs treatment

Adaptive functioning ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Meditation based on mindfulness vs treatment

Mental state ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Meditation based on mindfulness vs treatment

Quality of life ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Meditation based on mindfulness vs treatment

Cost of service utilisation ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Aggressive behaviour: aggressive events – carer reports – post‐training (Analysis 4.1) · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Anger management vs waiting list control

Ability to control anger: Provocation Inventory (PI) ‐ self report: Post‐treatment (scale range 0 to 75; higher scores indicate higher levels of aggression) · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 212 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Ability to control anger ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Adaptive functioning ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Mental state ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Quality of life ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Mindfulness based on positive behaviour support vs positive behaviour support

Cost of service utilisation ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Anger management vs waiting list control

Adaptive behaviour · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Anger management vs waiting list control

Mental state: psychiatric symptoms measured using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (Analysis 1.27) · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Anger management vs waiting list control

Quality of life ‐ self reported: Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale: Intellectual Disability (COMQoL‐ID: Post‐treatment · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 129 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Anger management vs waiting list control

Cost of service utilisation · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 133 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Positive behavioural support vs treatment

Aggressive behaviour: Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) Total – at 6 months (Analysis 2.1.1) · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 275 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Positive behavioural support vs treatment

Ability to control anger ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Positive behavioural support vs treatment

Adaptive functioning ‐ not measured · outwardly aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disability

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural and cognitive‐behavioural interventions for outwardly directed aggressive behaviour in people with… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PUFA vs placebo

ADHD symptoms – improvement – medium term · Children and adolescents with ADHD

Summary of findings table ‐ PUFA may leads to higher ADHD symptoms – improvement – medium term compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.95 [1.47, 2.6]
3 studies · 191 participants
Low

PUFA vs placebo

ADHD symptoms · Children and adolescents with ADHD

1 finding from 1 review

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 1166 participants
High