It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using marijuana at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using crack at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using cocaine at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using heroin at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes number not using methamphetamine at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether dialectic behaviour therapy with case management changes self‐report of no drug use at 6 months compared with a health promotion scheme (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes incarcerated for drug offences at 18 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes marijuana use at 6 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
Collaborative case management showed no clear difference in number of arrests compared with treatment (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes heroin use at 6 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes crack use at 6 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes crack use at 18 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
Therapeutic community showed no clear difference in cocaine use at 6 months compared with work release (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes cocaine use at 18 months compared with work release (very low certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in marijuana use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in hard drug use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in positive hair test for crack cocaine compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management showed no clear difference in positive hair test for marijuana use compared with prison only (moderate certainty).
It is very uncertain whether community‐based buprenorphine changes end of treatment drug use compared with placebo (very low certainty).
Intensive discharge planning and case management probably leads to lower arrested compared with prison only (moderate certainty).