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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,014 questions · 1,050 findings · 42 reviews · Incontinence

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No studies found 391 · 37.2%GRADE not reported 82 · 7.8%Very low 199 · 19%Low 206 · 19.6%Moderate 150 · 14.3%High 22 · 2.1%

Acupuncture vs medication

Presence or absence of urinary urgency · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes presence or absence of urinary urgency compared with medication (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs medication

Episodes of urinary incontinence in a 24‐hour period · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes episodes of urinary incontinence in a 24‐hour period compared with medication (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs sham

Overactive bladder symptoms cured or improved · Adults with overactive bladder (OAB)

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes overactive bladder symptoms cured or improved compared with sham acupuncture (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults at one time of day (6 am to 7 am) vs another time of day (10 pm to midnight)

Number of participants requiring recatheterisation · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults at one… may leads to lower number of participants requiring recatheterisation compared with another time of day (10 pm to midnight) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: clamping vs free drainage

Symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) compared with free drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: clamping vs free drainage

Dysuria · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes dysuria compared with free drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: prophylactic use of alpha blocker vs no intervention

Number of participants requiring recatheterisation · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes number of participants requiring recatheterisation compared with no drug or intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults: prophylactic use of alpha blocker vs no intervention

Symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection · adults with short‐term indwelling urethral catheters that need to be removed

It is very uncertain whether removal of short‐term indwelling urethral catheters in adults:… changes symptomatic catheter associated urinary tract infection compared with no drug or intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review