Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3 questions · 3 findings · 3 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 3 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
3-4 months
SMD -2.05 [-2.57, -1.53]
18 studies
GRADE not reported

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) vs Children and adolescents without JIA (healthy peers)

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)

Evidence on oral hygiene/dental plaque was inconsistent: several studies found higher plaque in the JIA group while others found no difference; no pooled estimate (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral health in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis - a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2019 All outcomes
Multiple countries (Europe and Brazil); paediatric dental/rheumatology settings
Some studies showed a statistically higher Plaque Index or Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) in the JIA group [23, 25, 28, 31]; other studies did not find this association [22, 26, 27, 29, 30, 39]. Meta-analysis…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported

Gamified oral health interventions (mobile apps, serious games, augmented reality, game-based education) vs Conventional or traditional oral health education, or non-gamified interventions (comparator varied; several studies were single-arm/uncontrolled)

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Children or adolescents

Gamified interventions appear to improve plaque control and oral hygiene status in children versus conventional methods, but the evidence is narrative and ungraded (individual-study P values only).

1 finding from 1 review

The Application of Gamification in Children's Oral Health Management: Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomes
Post-intervention (predominantly short-term; long-term follow-up in a minority of studies) · School-based settings, specialized dental clinics, and home-based environments
In the gamified mobile health app group, plaque control was superior (P<.05) compared with the conventional method group [Zolfaghari 2021]; a gamified/reminder sticker-book group showed a significant improvement in…
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported