Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

72 questions · 83 findings · 10 reviews

No studies found 18 · 21.7%GRADE not reported 9 · 10.8%Very low 26 · 31.3%Low 13 · 15.7%Moderate 9 · 10.8%High 8 · 9.6%

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Preservation of visual acuity · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes preservation of visual acuity compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Severity of pain on day 3 · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes severity of pain on day 3 compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Duration of time requiring intravenous antibiotics · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes duration of time requiring intravenous antibiotics compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Surgical intervention · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes need for surgical intervention compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids vs usual care

Adverse effects: exposure keratopathy · patients age 10 years and older with periorbital or orbital cellulitis

It is very uncertain whether standard treatment plus systemic corticosteroids changes adverse effects: exposure keratopathy compared with standard treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) leads to lower mortality at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Cerebral palsy · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Death or cerebral palsy · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Proportion of patients whose hearing is improved · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

It is very uncertain whether intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) changes proportion of patients whose hearing is improved compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Final hearing threshold determined by PTA (a lower value represents better hearing) · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

It is very uncertain whether intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) changes final hearing threshold determined by PTA A lower value represents… compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Adverse eventsb · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Persistent tympanic membrane perforation · sudden sensorineural hearing loss
2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Vertigo/dizziness: timing not reported · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Vertigo/dizziness: at the time of injection · sudden sensorineural hearing loss
2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Ear pain: timing not reported · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Ear pain: at the time of injection · sudden sensorineural hearing loss
2 findings from 1 review