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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

62 questions · 76 findings · 3 reviews · Musculoskeletal

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No studies found 40 · 52.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 24 · 31.6%Low 11 · 14.5%Moderate 1 · 1.3%High 0 · 0%

Surgery vs non‐surgical treatment

Global assessment of treatment success · people with full‐thickness rotator cuff tears

Surgery showed no clear difference in participant‐rated global assessment of treatment success at 12 months compared with non‐operative treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Resolution of symptoms · patients with trigger finger

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes resolution of symptoms (after one or more injections) compared with steroid injection (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Pain Proportion with pain on the palm of the hand · patients with trigger finger

Open surgery may leads to higher pain Proportion with pain on the palm of the hand compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound

Adverse events (partial loss of movement, algodystrophic syndrome) · patients with trigger finger

It is very uncertain whether open surgery changes adverse events (partial loss of movement, algodystrophic syndrome) compared with steroid injection plus hyaluronic acid injection guided by ultrasound (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Participant global assessment of success Not measured · patients with trigger finger

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Recurrence · patients with trigger finger

Open surgery may leads to lower recurrence compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Adverse events (infection, tendon or pulley injury, flare, cutaneous discomfort, fat necrosis) · patients with trigger finger

Open surgery showed no clear difference in adverse events (infection, tendon or pulley injury, flare, cutaneous… compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open surgery vs steroid injection

Neurovascular injury · patients with trigger finger

Open surgery showed no clear difference in neurovascular injury compared with steroid injection (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review