Multiple vs single‐injection technique: Secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain
Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).
What each review found
Current versions only| Finding | Effect | Studies | GRADE certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Multiple vs single‐injection technique Secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain · adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty). Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in… (2016) · Cochrane Headline outcomes only | RR 0.97 [0.3, 3.11] | 4 studies · 379 participants | High |
Multiple vs single‐injection technique Secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (low certainty). Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in… (2013) · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyearlier version CD003842.PUB4, superseded | RR 0.97 [0.3, 3.11] | 4 studies · 379 participants | Low |
Multiple vs single‐injection technique Secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain · Adult patients undergoing hand, wrist or forearm surgery Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure : Tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (low certainty). Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in… (2011) · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyearlier version CD003842.PUB3, superseded | RR 0.97 [0.3, 3.11] | 4 studies · 379 participants | Low |
Findings are shown side by side, never pooled across reviews.
The reviews
| Review | Searched up to | Included studies | AMSTAR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults undergoing surgery of… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only | Not reported | list not extracted yet | Not assessed |
Studies behind the findings
None of these reviews ties its included studies to this outcome in the data here. Cochrane reviews and reviews with headline outcomes only do not list their studies yet.
How reviews are matched to this question
Reviews word the same question differently. Four decision models (TypeSafe's Jev, Liquid AI's d1-ultra, SubQ Snap and Baseten's Elephant) judged each wording of the population, intervention, comparator and outcome against the others; two wordings count as the same when at least three of them agree and none clearly disagrees, and findings count as this question only when all four elements match. Timing, setting and subgroup never split a question: they are shown on each finding.