Studies
Primary studies
26,293 studies included by 1,022 non-Cochrane dental reviews extracted from full text, one record per study, so a study included by several reviews is counted once. Most are randomized trials; etiology and diagnostic reviews also include observational and accuracy studies. Cochrane reviews and reviews with only their headline outcomes do not list their included studies here yet.
ReviewStudies included by Technology-enhanced behavior guidance for pediatric dental anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and safety of…. Show all studies
| Study | Year | Reviews | Review outcomes linked | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effectiveness of a dental simulation game on reducing pain and anxiety during primary molars pulpotomy compared with tell-show-do technique in… Karkoutly 2024 · Karkoutly Mawia, Al-Halabi Mohammed Nour, et al. · BMC oral health PMID:39174937 | 2024 | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction in Reduction of Pain and Anxiety of Pediatric Dental Patients in an Iranian Population: A Split-Mouth… Bahrololoomi 2024 · Bahrololoomi Zahra, Zein Al-Din Javad, et al. · International journal of dentistry PMID:38250512 | 2024 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Tell-Play-Do, Film Modeling and Use of Smartphone Dental Application in the Management of Child Behavior. Kevadia 2020 · Kevadia Mital V, Sandhyarani B, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:33976496 | 2020 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain and Anxiety During Dental Treatment in 5 to 8 Year Old Children. Shetty 2019 · Shetty Vabitha, Suresh Lekshmi R, et al. · The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:30730798 | 2019 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Effects of distraction using virtual reality technology on pain perception and anxiety levels in children during pulp therapy of primary molars. Niharika 2018 · Niharika Puppala, Reddy N Venugopal, et al. · Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry PMID:30324926 | 2018 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Khan 2019 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of Virtual Reality Distraction Method on the Level of Salivary Cortisol in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder During Dental Treatment. Suresh 2024 · Suresh Lekshmi R, Shetty Vabitha · Journal of autism and developmental disorders PMID:39738788 | 2026 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of oral simulation games and ``tell-show-do'' behavioral management in alleviating dental fear in children: a randomized controlled… Zhang 2025 · Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry DOI:10.22514/jocpd.2025.035 | 2025 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Reducing dental anxiety in children through tell-show-do technique vs. additional instructions with an artificial intelligence-based animated video:… Vitale 2025 · Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry DOI:10.22514/jocpd.2025.098 | 2025 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| A Comparative Evaluation of Bubble Breath Play Therapy and Hand-held Video Gaming Used in Reducing Dental Anxiety among Children Padmanabh 2025 · Padmanabh Shital Kiran Davangere, Bhise Omkar R · Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10077-3355 | 2025 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of virtual reality glasses versus white noise on dental anxiety in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A… Aly 2025 · Aly Nahla A, Abdelrahman Amina M, et al. · International journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:39245983 | 2025 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of Buzzy Bee in Reducing Pain Perception during Local Anesthesia in Children: A Split-mouth Crossover Study. Vishwanathaiah 2025 · Vishwanathaiah Satish, Maganur Prabhadevi C, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:41328375 | 2025 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| The effect of virtual reality glasses on dental anxiety in children who will receive dental treatment for the first time: a randomized controlled… Balık 2024 · Balık Elif Aybike, Usluoğlu Feyruz · Current Psychology DOI:10.1007/s12144-024-06717-8 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| The effect of virtual reality glasses used in dental treatment on anxiety and fear in children: A randomized controlled study Demir Kösem 2024 · Demir Kösem Dilek, Bektaş Murat, et al. · Pediatric Dental Journal DOI:10.1016/j.pdj.2024.09.003 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of audio and virtual reality distraction on the dental anxiety of children with mild intellectual disability. Mehrotra 2024 · Mehrotra Deepshikha, Shetty Amarshree A, et al. · Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry PMID:37849240 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of Effectiveness of Audio and VR Distraction Techniques in Managing Pediatric Dental Patients. Shams 2024 · Shams Saleh A, Reddy Arjun, et al. · Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences PMID:38595406 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Efficacy of kaleidoscope, virtual reality, and video games to alleviate dental anxiety during local anesthesia in children: a randomized clinical… Anchala 2024 · Anchala Karthik, Tirumala Voppathotty, et al. · Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine PMID:38840651 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of Two Types of Distraction Techniques in the Management of Pain and Anxiety during Dental Treatment in 6-9-year-old Children. Chandran 2024 · Chandran Lekshmi Shobana, Issac Jyoti Sumi, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:39144506 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of virtual reality glasses with integrated sign language in reducing dental anxiety during pulpotomy in children with hearing… Salama 2024 · Salama Reem Moustafa, El-Habashy Laila Moustafa, et al. · BMC oral health PMID:39548423 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Evaluation of Effect of Distraction Techniques Using Virtual Reality and Eight-dimension Audio Analgesia Methods on Pain Perception and Anxiety… Karuppiah 2024 · Karuppiah Maheshkumar, Balamurugan Suba Ranjana, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:39650306 | 2024 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Evaluation of the success of distraction through virtual reality using the Child Drawing Hospital Scale Hande Sarı 2023 · Hande Sari Ayça, Deniz Elif, et al. · Contemporary Pediatric Dentistry DOI:10.51463/cpd.2023.155 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Assessing an active distracting technique during primary mandibular molar pulpotomy (randomized controlled trial). Alsibai 2023 · Alsibai Ekram, Bshara Nada, et al. · Clinical and experimental dental research PMID:36478192 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Clinical evaluation of feasibility and effectiveness using a virtual reality device during local anesthesia and extractions in pediatric patients. Pathak 2023 · Pathak Pradnya D, Lakade Laxmi S, et al. · European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry PMID:37184588 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative evaluation of the effect of audio and virtual reality distraction on the dental anxiety of healthy and mild intellectually disabled… Mehrotra 2023 · Mehrotra Deepshikha, Manju R · Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry PMID:37282411 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| The effect of virtual reality distraction on anxiety level during dental treatment among anxious pediatric patients: a randomized clinical trial. Bagher 2023 · Bagher Sara M, Felemban Osama M, et al. · The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:37408348 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative evaluation of Tell-Show-Do technique and its modifications in managing anxious pediatric dental patients among 4-8 years of age. Lekhwani 2023 · Lekhwani Priyanka Sunil, Nigam Anant Gopal, et al. · Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry PMID:37635473 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of Audiovisual Distraction Technique and Filmed Modeling on Anxiety and Fear in Pediatric Dental Patients. Jamil 2023 · Jamil Faiza, Khan Saima Y, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:37731807 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of Distraction with Virtual Reality Eyewear in Managing 6-11-year-old Children with Hearing Impairment during Dental Treatment: A… Varshitha 2023 · Varshitha Koduri, Uloopi K S, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:38344382 | 2023 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative evaluation of audio, audiovisual and virtual reality distraction techniques on dentally anxious children Mishraa 2022 · Mishra I., Deep S., et al. · Baba Farid University Dental Journal DOI:10.5958/2230-7273.2022.00016.3 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of biofeedback relaxation and audio-visual distraction on dental anxiety among 7- to 12-year-old children while administering local… Padminee 2022 · Padminee Krishnan, Hemalatha R, et al. · International journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:33735517 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of active and passive distraction techniques while administering local anaesthesia on the dental anxiety, behaviour and pain levels of… Shekhar 2022 · Shekhar S, Suprabha B S, et al. · European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry PMID:35274286 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Assessing the Different Levels of Virtual Reality That Influence Anxiety, Behavior, and Oral Health Status in Preschool Children: Randomized… Aminabadi 2022 · Aminabadi Naser Asl, Golsanamlou Ozra, et al. · JMIR perioperative medicine PMID:35436233 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| A digital intervention using virtual reality helmets to reduce dental anxiety of children under local anesthesia and primary teeth extraction: A… Du 2022 · Du Qin, Ma Xinru, et al. · Brain and behavior PMID:35485000 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of two innovative methods in the management of anxiety in a dental office: a randomized controlled trial. Panchal 2022 · Panchal Jay, Panda Anup, et al. · Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine PMID:35991359 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of Two Different Behavior Modification Techniques for Anxiety Reduction in Children. Thosar 2022 · Thosar Nilima R, Bane Sphurti P, et al. · Cureus PMID:36134077 | 2022 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Does Virtual Reality Affect Children’s Dental Anxiety, Pain, And Behaviour? A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Trial Buldur 2021 · Buldur Burak, Candan Merve · Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada DOI:10.1590/pboci.2021.002 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of the Tiny Dentist game on 4-10 years old children’s anxiety compared with Tell-Show-Do method: A clinical trial Tahersoltani 2021 · Amirreza Tahersoltani, Alireza Heidari, et al. · Journal of Dental Problems and Solutions DOI:10.17352/2394-8418.000102 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Behaviour and Anxiety Management of Paediatric Dental Patients through Virtual Reality: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Gómez-Polo 2021 · Gómez-Polo Cristina, Vilches Ana-Aida, et al. · Journal of clinical medicine PMID:34300185 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Application of virtual reality on non-drug behavioral management of short-term dental procedure in children. Ran 2021 · Ran Longkuan, Zhao Nan, et al. · Trials PMID:34425901 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of active versus passive audiovisual distraction tools on children's behaviour, anxiety and pain in paediatric dentistry: a randomised… Guinot 2021 · Guinot F, Mercadé M, et al. · European journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:34544253 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of effectiveness of three distraction techniques to allay dental anxiety during inferior alveolar nerve block in children: A randomized… Aditya 2021 · Aditya P V A, Prasad Madu Ghanashyam, et al. · Heliyon PMID:34632153 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction, Audio Distraction and Tell-show-do Techniques in Reducing the Anxiety Level… Gs 2021 · Gs Greeshma, George Sageena, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:35645488 | 2021 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Reducing Anxiety in Children with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Using Virtual Reality - a Randomized Crossover Study Özükoç 2020 · Özükoç Can DOI:10.7546/crabs.2020.11.16 | 2020 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of different behavior guidance techniques in managing children with negative behavior in a dental setting: A randomized control study. Pande 2020 · Pande Pratik, Rana Vivek, et al. · Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry PMID:33004724 | 2020 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of distraction techniques in the management of anxious children - A randomized controlled pilot trial. Asokan 2020 · Asokan Sharath, Geetha Priya P R, et al. · Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry PMID:33402625 | 2020 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of three behavior modification techniques for management of anxious children aged 4-8 years. Radhakrishna 2019 · Radhakrishna Sreeraksha, Srinivasan Ila, et al. · Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine PMID:30859131 | 2019 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparative evaluation of virtual reality distraction and counter-stimulation on dental anxiety and pain perception in children. Nunna 2019 · Nunna Mahesh, Dasaraju Rupak Kumar, et al. · Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine PMID:31723668 | 2019 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Eyeglasses as a Distraction Aid to Reduce Anxiety among 6-10-year-old Children Undergoing Dental Extraction… Koticha 2019 · Koticha Paloni, Katge Farhin, et al. · International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:31866714 | 2019 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effects of audiovisual distraction in children with special healthcare needs during dental restorations: a randomized crossover clinical trial. Bagattoni 2018 · Bagattoni Simone, D'Alessandro Giovanni, et al. · International journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:28399334 | 2018 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Control of Anxiety in Pediatric Patients using "Tell Show Do" Method and Audiovisual Distraction. Khandelwal 2018 · Khandelwal Deepak, Kalra Namita, et al. · The journal of contemporary dental practice PMID:30287704 | 2018 | 1 | none stated | not extracted yet |