Primary study · included by 1 review

Effects of mother-sung lullabies on vaccination-induced infant pain and maternal anxiety: A randomized controlled trial.

Bekar 2022 · Bekar Pınar, Efe Emine · Journal of pediatric nursing · 2022

Included by

Music intervention alleviates pain and distress in children undergoing vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2025 · cited as Bekar 2022 · Table 1; Fig. 4; Fig. 5; references 25-29

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Pain intensity (WBFRS, NIPS, FPS, FPS-R) Music intervention (lullabies, children's songs, recorded music) during or within 15 min of vaccination vs Standard or routine care without music · During vaccination procedure	SMD -0.58 [-0.92, -0.24]	4 studies · 207 participants	GRADE not reported
Pain intensity (WBFRS, NIPS, FPS, FPS-R) Music intervention (lullabies, children's songs, recorded music) during or within 15 min of vaccination vs Standard or routine care without music · During vaccination procedure	SMD -0.34 [-1.02, 0.34]	2 studies · 108 participants	GRADE not reported
Pain intensity (WBFRS, NIPS, FPS, FPS-R) Music intervention (lullabies, children's songs, recorded music) during or within 15 min of vaccination vs Standard or routine care without music · During vaccination procedure	SMD -0.55 [-0.81, -0.28]	4 studies · 207 participants	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.