evidencegaps
Primary study · included by 1 review

Fixed orthodontic appliances cause pain and disturbance in somatosensory function.

Shen 2016 · Shen Huijie, Shao Sheng, Zhang Jinglu, et al. · European journal of oral sciences · 2016

Included by

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL), Pain and Side Effects in Adults Undergoing Different Orthodontic Treatment Modalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2025 · cited as Shen et al. 2016 · Table 1; Figures 3-8
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Pain (VAS)
Aligners and fixed labial appliances (combined) vs Within-group change, 7 days versus 24 hours after appliance fit · 24 hours to 7 days
SMD -7.45 [-11.28, -3.62]5 studies · 264 participantsGRADE not reported

1 including review in total.