Primary study · included by 1 review

Sleep problems and disorders among adolescents with persistent and subthreshold attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.

Gau 2009 · Gau Susan Shur-Fen, Chiang Huey-Ling · Sleep · 2009

Included by

Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and bruxism: a systematic review.

Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2026 · cited as Gau 2009 · Table 1; Figure 2; Reference 30

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Presence of bruxism (sleep or awake; self-report, clinical or device-based assessment) ADHD diagnosed by any DSM edition (exposure) vs Individuals without ADHD	OR 1.99 [1.60, 2.48]	1 study · 11699 participants	GRADE not reported
Presence of bruxism ADHD vs No ADHD	OR 1.98 [1.60, 2.46]	NR	GRADE not reported
Presence of bruxism ADHD vs No ADHD	OR 2.16 [1.72, 2.71]	16 studies · 16348 participants	GRADE not reported
Presence of bruxism (sleep or awake; self-report, clinical or device-based assessment) ADHD diagnosed by any DSM edition (exposure) vs Individuals without ADHD	OR 2.32 [1.79, 3.00]	14 studies	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.