Primary study · included by 1 review
Independent and combined effects of tobacco smoking, chewing and alcohol drinking on the risk of oral, pharyngeal and esophageal cancers in Indian men.
Znaor 2003 · Znaor Ariana, Brennan Paul, Gajalakshmi Vendhan, et al. · International journal of cancer · 2003
Included by
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 2.01 [1.56, 2.58] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 2.19 [1.75, 2.74] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 4.54 [2.74, 7.54] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 2.11 [1.60, 2.79] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 2.19 [1.48, 3.23] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 2.31 [1.80, 2.96] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 3.13 [1.40, 6.97] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 4.98 [3.49, 7.13] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 3.84 [2.41, 6.13] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 0.47 [0.26, 0.84] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 2.16 [0.79, 5.90] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 0.64 [0.44, 0.94] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 5.98 [3.37, 10.60] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 2.67 [1.97, 3.63] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 1.46 [1.01, 2.10] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 1.94 [1.04, 3.62] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 1.56 [1.08, 2.25] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Duration of alcohol consumption (years) vs Never drinkers (reference) | RR 2.10 [1.56, 2.81] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking duration (years) vs Never users (reference) | RR 0.88 [0.69, 1.12] | 22 studies | GRADE not reported |
Oral cancer risk Smoking frequency (units of tobacco smoked per day) vs Never users (reference) | RR 0.97 [0.53, 1.60] | 27 studies | GRADE not reported |
1 including review in total.