Primary study · included by 1 review

Skarda 2021

ProbableThe reviews cited this study without a PMID, DOI or NCT, so it is matched by first author and year. Two different studies by the same author in the same year could be merged here.

Included by

The effectiveness of using local anesthesia with general anesthesia in pediatric dental rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2026 · cited as Skarda 2021 · Table 1; reference list; forest plots

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Heart rate (bpm) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -1.75 [-4.63, 1.13]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
Post-operative pain (yes/no) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Post-operative	OR 0.32 [0.14, 0.70]	3 studies · 169 participants	Very low
End-tidal CO2 (mm Hg) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD 0.02 [-0.32, 0.37]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
Heart rate (bpm) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD 0.42 [-0.10, 0.95]	2 studies · 58 participants	GRADE not reported
Heart rate (bpm) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -3.60 [-10.88, 3.68]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
End-tidal CO2 (mm Hg) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -0.26 [-0.78, 0.26]	2 studies · 58 participants	GRADE not reported
Respiratory rate Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -2.22 [-6.26, 1.81]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
Respiratory rate Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD 0.04 [-0.48, 0.55]	2 studies · 58 participants	GRADE not reported
Heart rate (bpm) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -1.67 [-3.46, 0.12]	3 studies · 314 participants	Very low
End-tidal CO2 (mm Hg) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -3.65 [-10.83, 3.53]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
Respiratory rate Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -2.22 [-5.94, 1.51]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
Respiratory rate Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -0.06 [-0.58, 0.45]	2 studies · 58 participants	GRADE not reported
End-tidal CO2 (mm Hg) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -1.96 [-4.43, 0.52]	2 studies · 128 participants	GRADE not reported
End-tidal CO2 (mm Hg) Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -1.39 [-2.55, -0.22]	3 studies · 442 participants	Very low
Respiratory rate Intraoperative local anesthesia (LA) during dental treatment under general anesthesia vs No LA or placebo (saline) · Intraoperative	SMD -1.12 [-2.34, 0.09]	3 studies · 372 participants	Very low

1 including review in total.