Primary study · included by 1 review

Garamendi 2003

ProbableThe reviews cited this study without a PMID, DOI or NCT, so it is matched by first author and year. Two different studies by the same author in the same year could be merged here.

Included by

Adult Age Threshold Estimation Using Radiographic Evaluation of Wrist-Hand Skeletal Maturation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Non-Cochrane · DTA · 2026 · cited as Garamendi 2003 · Table 2; reference 57

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Sensitivity at 18-year threshold Wrist-hand radiographic skeletal maturation methods (GP, TW3, AI/ML) classifying individuals as under or over 18 years vs Chronological age from verified documentation (reference standard) · 18-year age threshold	Sensitivity (%) 69.5 [61.6, 77.3]	5 studies · 4587 participants	Very low
Sensitivity at 18-year threshold Wrist-hand radiographic skeletal maturation methods (GP, TW3, AI/ML) classifying individuals as under or over 18 years vs Chronological age from verified documentation (reference standard) · 18-year age threshold	Sensitivity (%) 85.4 [75.7, 91.6]	5 studies · 4587 participants	Very low
Sensitivity at 18-year threshold Wrist-hand radiographic skeletal maturation methods (GP, TW3, AI/ML) classifying individuals as under or over 18 years vs Chronological age from verified documentation (reference standard) · 18-year age threshold	Sensitivity (%) 87.5 [71.88, 100]	2 studies	GRADE not reported
Sensitivity at 18-year threshold Wrist-hand radiographic skeletal maturation methods (GP, TW3, AI/ML) classifying individuals as under or over 18 years vs Chronological age from verified documentation (reference standard) · 18-year age threshold	Sensitivity (%) 64.8 [55.1, 74.6]	3 studies	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.