Primary study · included by 1 review

A Cross-Sectional Study on Cognitive Vulnerability Patterns in Dental Anxiety: The Italian Validation of the Dental Fear Maintenance Questionnaire (DFMQ)

Gasparro 2023 · Gasparro Roberta, Di Spirito Federica, Cangiano Mario, et al. · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 2023

Included by

Estimating the reliability of the modified dental anxiety scale: A systematic review and reliability generalization meta-analysis.

Non-Cochrane · other · 2026 · cited as Gasparro (2023) · Supplemental B (study list) and reference list

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha) of MDAS total score MDAS (5-item dental anxiety questionnaire), total score vs Not applicable (single instrument; reliability generalization)	Cronbach's alpha (pooled, back-transformed from Bonett ABT) 0.882 [0.873, 0.889]	118 studies · 95588 participants	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.