Primary study · included by 1 review

Wang 2017

Included by

The Impact of Early Clinical Exposure on Competency Development in Dental Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2026 · cited as Wang 2017 · Table 2; Fig. 2A; reference list

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Overall competency (student scores) Early clinical exposure (real, simulated or virtual) vs Traditional lecture-based teaching without clinical contact	SMD 1.37 [0.78, 1.97]	14 studies	GRADE not reported
Overall competency (student scores) Early clinical exposure (real, simulated or virtual) vs Traditional lecture-based teaching without clinical contact	SMD 1.06 [0.53, 1.58]	13 studies	GRADE not reported
Overall competency (student scores) Early clinical exposure (real, simulated or virtual) vs Traditional lecture-based teaching without clinical contact	SMD 1.25 [0.83, 1.66]	27 studies · 2995 participants	Low

1 including review in total.