evidencegaps
Primary study · included by 2 reviews

Pain perception and efficacy of local analgesia using 2% lignocaine, buffered lignocaine, and 4% articaine in pediatric dental procedures

Afsal 2019 · M.M Afsal, Khatri Amit, Kalra Namita, et al. · Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine · 2019

Included by

Effectiveness of buffered local anesthetic solutions in pediatric nerve blocks and infiltration anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2026 · cited as Afsal 2019 · Table 1; Figs 2-4; reference list
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Objective pain response (SEM, OSUBRS)
Buffered local anesthetic (8.4% sodium bicarbonate added to lidocaine or articaine) vs Unbuffered (conventional) local anesthetic · During injection / procedure
SMD -0.53 [-1.20, 0.15]3 studies · 226 participantsGRADE not reported
Onset time of anesthesia
Buffered local anesthetic (8.4% sodium bicarbonate added to lidocaine or articaine) vs Unbuffered (conventional) local anesthetic · During injection / procedure
SMD -1.55 [-3.67, 0.57]4 studies · 355 participantsGRADE not reported
Subjective pain perception during injection (WBFPRS, HP-VAS)
Buffered local anesthetic (8.4% sodium bicarbonate added to lidocaine or articaine) vs Unbuffered (conventional) local anesthetic · During injection / procedure
SMD -0.59 [-1.00, -0.17]3 studies · 295 participantsGRADE not reported
Articaine versus lidocaine for local anesthesia in pediatric dental procedures: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Non-Cochrane · other · 2026 · cited as Afsal 2019 · Supplemental Table 3B (citation matrix and primary-study references)

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

2 including reviews in total.