Primary study · included by 1 review
The effect of ice-cold water spray following the model for symptom management on postoperative thirst in patients admitted to intensive care unit: A randomized controlled study
Lian 2024 · Lian Rongli, Zhou Song, Guo Yuan, et al. · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · 2024
Included by
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -3.06 [-3.80, -2.31] | 1 study · 60 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.05 [-1.75, -0.35] | 5 studies · 529 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.85 [-4.16, 0.47] | 2 studies · 268 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.39 [-1.98, -0.81] | 13 studies · 1179 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -2.66 [-3.18, -2.15] | 3 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.70 [-2.34, -1.06] | 9 studies · 777 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.49 [-2.03, -0.95] | 13 studies · 1169 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.13 [-1.50, -0.76] | 2 studies · 179 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.07 [-1.81, -0.34] | 8 studies · 831 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.28 [-1.94, -0.63] | 9 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.40 [-1.99, -0.82] | 13 studies · 1182 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.44 [-1.88, -1.01] | 4 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.44 [-2.02, -0.87] | 13 studies · 1081 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.27 [-1.80, -0.74] | 13 studies · 1170 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -2.39 [-3.05, -1.73] | 1 study · 60 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0-10) Oral cold stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room temperature water, non-menthol package, or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period (assessment times varied) | Meta-regression coefficient (SMD per unit time) 0.0000738 [-0.00082, 0.00097] | 14 studies · 1289 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.60 [-2.19, -1.00] | 1 study · 56 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -3.06 [-3.80, -2.31] | 1 study · 60 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.32 [-1.88, -0.75] | 13 studies · 1239 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD 0.08 [-0.33, 0.49] | 1 study · 90 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.85 [-4.16, 0.47] | 2 studies · 268 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.38 [-1.92, -0.84] | 14 studies · 1289 participants | Low |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.23 [-1.87, -0.60] | 1 study · 44 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.52 [-1.92, -1.11] | 7 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.31 [-1.87, -0.75] | 12 studies · 1021 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.41 [-1.99, -0.83] | 4 studies · 346 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.93 [-2.80, 0.94] | 3 studies · 309 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.32 [-1.89, -0.75] | 13 studies · 1193 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.04 [-0.43, 0.35] | 1 study · 100 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.35 [-1.87, -0.82] | 14 studies · 1289 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -3.06 [-3.80, -2.31] | 1 study · 60 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.80 [-1.62, 0.02] | 5 studies · 512 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.06 [-1.96, -0.16] | 7 studies · 684 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.31 [-1.87, -0.75] | 13 studies · 1229 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.50 [-2.03, -0.96] | 13 studies · 1199 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | MD -2.30 [-3.25, -1.34] | 14 studies · 1289 participants | Low |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.26 [-1.78, -0.74] | 13 studies · 1229 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.34 [-2.54, -0.14] | 6 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.74 [-2.70, -0.78] | 6 studies · 490 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.37 [-1.95, -0.79] | 13 studies · 1233 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.81 [-2.88, -0.74] | 2 studies · 170 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.09 [-1.66, -0.51] | 6 studies · 639 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.54 [-2.82, -0.26] | 4 studies · 348 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -2.13 [-3.92, -0.35] | 2 studies · 104 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.42 [-2.00, -0.84] | 13 studies · 1220 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.40 [-1.98, -0.81] | 13 studies · 1245 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.21 [-2.19, -0.24] | 4 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.54 [-2.26, -0.82] | 7 studies · 661 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.60 [-2.22, -0.98] | 9 studies · 801 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.13 [-1.50, -0.76] | 2 studies · 179 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.31 [-1.87, -0.75] | 12 studies · 1021 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.85 [-1.67, -0.02] | 5 studies · 595 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.76 [-2.28, -1.24] | 7 studies · 544 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.32 [-1.93, -0.72] | 10 studies · 941 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.04 [-0.43, 0.35] | 1 study · 100 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.26 [-1.78, -0.74] | 13 studies · 1229 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.80 [-1.62, 0.02] | 5 studies · 512 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -0.69 [-0.97, -0.41] | 1 study · 208 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -2.53 [-3.16, -1.89] | 2 studies · 215 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.23 [-2.05, -0.42] | 8 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.74 [-2.70, -0.78] | 6 studies · 490 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.02 [-1.51, -0.53] | 11 studies | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -2.24 [-3.46, -1.01] | 2 studies · 175 participants | GRADE not reported |
Thirst intensity (NRS or VAS 0 to 10) Cold oral stimulants (cold water, ice, menthol) vs Standard care (room-temperature water, non-menthol package or no intervention) · Immediate post-operative period | SMD -1.49 [-2.03, -0.95] | 13 studies · 1189 participants | GRADE not reported |
1 including review in total.