Non-Cochrane · aetiology · PM42746026
Influence of Different Parenting Styles on Child's Behaviour in a Dental Operatory and Dental Caries Experience: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Kalra Gauri, Mishra Apurva, Bharti Kusum, et al. · International journal of dentistry · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1155/ijod/9390631
Findings
Population Children aged 2–12 years at first dental visit or without previous dental treatment
3 findings
| Authoritative parenting | Permissive parenting | Positive dental behaviour First dental visit or no previous dental treatment · Dental operatory | OR 4.77 [1.10, 20.76] 296 [23, 400] per 1000 Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency 7 studies · 1168 participants |
| Authoritative parenting | Authoritarian parenting | Positive dental behaviour First dental visit or no previous dental treatment · Dental operatory | OR 7.95 [2.32, 27.29] 426 [206, 522] per 1000 Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 6 studies · 766 participants |
| Permissive parenting | Authoritarian parenting | Positive dental behaviour First dental visit or no previous dental treatment · Dental operatory | OR 0.87 [0.36, 2.10] -34 [-227, 181] per 1000 Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 5 studies · 297 participants |
Included primary studies 17
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alagla 2021 Parenting styles and preschool children's behaviour in a Saudi Arabian postgraduate dental setting. PMID:32514699 | 2021 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| Aminabadi 2015 The Influence of Parenting Style and Child Temperament on Child-Parent-Dentist Interactions. PMID:26314601 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Amirabadi 2025 Impact of Parenting Style and Maternal Self-Efficacy on Children’s Dental Cooperation DOI:10.34172/ajdr.2053 | 2025 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| Arrepia 2019 Association of parenting style with the behaviour and caries prevalence of preschool children DOI:10.29327/24816.4.3-4 | 2019 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| El-Mahdy 2024 PREVALENCE OF PARENTING STYLE IN A GROUP OF CHILDREN WITH PRIMARY DENTITION IN THEIR FIRST DENTAL VISIT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY DOI:10.21608/adjc.2023.213090.1317 | 2024 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| Gera 2025 Comparative Evaluation of Behavior of the Child with the Parenting Styles and the Preference for Behavior Management Technique: An… PMID:40469833 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Howenstein 2015 Correlating parenting styles with child behavior and caries. PMID:25685975 | 2015 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| Khattab 2022 Correlating Parenting Style With Their Children’s Behavior, Dental Anxiety and Dental Caries During the First Dental Visit DOI:10.54623/fdj.8028 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Lee 2020 Association between Parenting Styles and Dental Caries in Preschool Children DOI:10.5933/jkapd.2020.47.1.78 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Misrohmasari 2022 Parenting Styles and Dental Caries Among Preschool Children in A Coastal Area of Jember, Indonesia DOI:10.18196/di.v11i1.14385 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nayyar 2018 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
| Nimbulkar 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Quek 2021 The effect of parenting styles on enforcement of oral health behaviours in children. PMID:32418053 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sabbarwal 2020 Association between Parental Behavior and Child's Oral Health among 3-5-year-old Children in Bengaluru City. PMID:33976495 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shalini 2023 Impact of Parenting Style on Child's Behavior and Caries Experience in 3-6-year-old Children: A Cross-sectional Study. PMID:37519952 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Subramani 2023 Association between Parenting Style and Dental Caries among 12-year-old Children in Chengalpattu District, India DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10062-0162 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Viswanath 2020 Parenting Styles and their Influence on Child's Dental Behavior and Caries Status: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. PMID:31995424 | 2020 | this review only | Positive dental behaviour | not extracted yet |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Children aged 2-12 years; for the behavioral synthesis, first dental visit or no previous dental treatment | Children aged 2-12 years (13 of 17 studies restricted to age 6 or younger); 17 studies |
| Intervention | Parenting styles classified by a recognized framework (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, neglectful) | Authoritative, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles (PSDQ in 13 studies; PCPR, Baumrind questionnaire, other in 4) |
| Comparison | Authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and neglectful/uninvolved parenting styles | Authoritative vs permissive; authoritative vs authoritarian; permissive vs authoritarian |
| Outcomes | (a) Child's behavior in dental operatory; (b) dental caries status | Dental behavior/cooperation (12 studies; pooled, n=7, 6, 5); dental caries (12 studies; narrative only) |
| Study designs | Cross-sectional studies, English full texts published 2014 to 2025 | 17 cross-sectional studies |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |