Non-Cochrane · aetiology · PM42246314
Association between asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and dental caries: evidence from systematic review with meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation investigation.
Yu Qi, Lan Lei, Li Yachun, et al. · Journal of global health · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.7189/jogh.16.04223
Findings
81 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 2.14 [-1.63, 5.91] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cohort vs case-control | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.879 [-2.722, 0.964] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cohort vs case-control | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.420 [-2.844, 2.004] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | OR 1.44 [1.17, 1.76] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | defs/dfs (primary dentition decayed, extracted, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 1.99 [0.63, 3.36] GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 4.49 [0.89, 8.10] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): median age (per year) | OR (meta-regression) 0.998 [0.986, 1.011] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | dmft/dft (primary dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 0.08 [-0.26, 0.42] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): median age (per year) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.034 [-0.004, 0.723] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): severe asthma proportion (per 1%) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.283 [-1.695, 2.261] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): severe asthma proportion (per 1%) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.311 [-2.534, 1.912] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: high vs low | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.177 [-2.508, 2.155] GRADE not reported 10 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | defs/dfs (primary dentition decayed, extracted, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 0.40 [0.12, 0.67] GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cross-sectional vs case-control | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.630 [-0.608, 1.869] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cohort vs case-control | OR (meta-regression) 0.650 [0.416, 1.017] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): dentition stage: permanent vs mixed | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.631 [-0.511, 1.774] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): male proportion (per 1%) | OR (meta-regression) 2.086 [0.389, 11.19] GRADE not reported 20 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): publication year (per year) | OR (meta-regression) 0.994 [0.966, 1.022] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 1.39 [-0.26, 3.05] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): imaging in caries diagnosis: yes vs no | OR (meta-regression) 1.420 [0.696, 2.899] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): dentition stage: permanent vs mixed | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.544 [-1.523, 0.435] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: moderate vs low | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -5.192 [-9.785, -0.599] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): socioeconomic status (per 1 unit SDI) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -5.462 [-9.161, -1.764] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: moderate vs low | OR (meta-regression) 0.964 [0.305, 3.046] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | dmft/dft (primary dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 0.17 [-0.60, 0.93] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): diagnostic criteria: WHO vs other criteria | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.462 [-1.432, 2.355] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): diagnostic criteria: WHO+ICDAS vs other criteria | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.413 [-3.236, 2.411] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): diagnostic criteria: WHO vs other criteria | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.571 [-0.564, 1.705] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): socioeconomic status (per 1 unit SDI) | OR (meta-regression) 0.257 [0.069, 0.955] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: high vs low | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -5.192 [-11.341, 0.956] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cross-sectional vs case-control | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.769 [-1.828, 0.291] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 0.92 [0.32, 1.52] GRADE not reported 31 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): socioeconomic status (per 1 unit SDI) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -1.622 [-6.675, 3.432] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): publication year (per year) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.126 [0.061, 0.191] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): imaging in caries diagnosis: yes vs no | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.472 [-1.784, 0.841] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): publication year (per year) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) 0.038 [-0.040, 0.116] GRADE not reported 30 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): median age (per year) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -0.031 [-0.086, 0.023] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): dentition stage: permanent vs primary | OR (meta-regression) 1.085 [0.614, 1.917] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 0.18 [0.04, 0.33] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): diagnostic criteria: WHO+ICDAS vs other criteria | OR (meta-regression) 0.764 [0.441, 1.325] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): male proportion (per 1%) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -2.899 [-8.134, 2.337] GRADE not reported 24 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: high vs low | OR (meta-regression) 0.727 [0.245, 2.161] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFS (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled surfaces) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): male proportion (per 1%) | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -2.791 [-7.467, 1.885] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): study design: cross-sectional vs case-control | OR (meta-regression) 0.720 [0.470, 1.101] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): severe asthma proportion (per 1%) | OR (meta-regression) 12.42 [1.354, 113.9] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): dentition stage: mixed vs primary | OR (meta-regression) 1.122 [0.663, 1.899] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 1.64 [0.80, 2.48] GRADE not reported 31 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): diagnostic criteria: WHO vs other criteria | OR (meta-regression) 1.021 [0.696, 1.497] GRADE not reported 22 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Asthma | No asthma | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Meta-regression (asthma): fluoride exposure: moderate vs low | Meta-regression coefficient (beta) -1.832 [-4.164, 0.499] GRADE not reported 10 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Allergic rhinitis | No allergic rhinitis | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | OR 1.01 [0.86, 1.18] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Allergic rhinitis | No allergic rhinitis | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD -0.36 [-1.08, 0.37] GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Allergic rhinitis | No allergic rhinitis | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD -0.33 [-0.68, 0.03] GRADE not reported 1 study |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Allergic rhinitis | No allergic rhinitis | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD -0.61 [-1.58, 0.35] GRADE not reported 5 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Allergic rhinitis | No allergic rhinitis | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD -0.07 [-0.14, 0.00] GRADE not reported 1 study |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Atopic dermatitis | No atopic dermatitis | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | OR 1.09 [1.01, 1.17] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Atopic dermatitis | No atopic dermatitis | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 0.43 [-0.01, 0.87] GRADE not reported 1 study |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Atopic dermatitis | No atopic dermatitis | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 0.06 [-0.02, 0.14] GRADE not reported 1 study |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Leave-one-out sensitivity: highest pooled estimate | OR 1.29 [1.12, 1.48] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 1.78 [-1.47, 5.03] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Leave-one-out sensitivity: highest pooled estimate | WMD 1.40 [0.65, 2.14] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | Plaque index Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 0.14 [-0.01, 0.28] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Standardized mean difference (Hedges g) | SMD 0.68 [0.14, 1.23] GRADE not reported 37 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | WMD 1.31 [0.58, 2.05] GRADE not reported 37 studies |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Leave-one-out sensitivity: lowest pooled estimate | OR 1.20 [1.08, 1.32] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | DMFT (permanent dentition decayed, missing, filled teeth) Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · Leave-one-out sensitivity: lowest pooled estimate | WMD 0.99 [0.47, 1.51] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| People with and without the allergic disease in observational studies (majority under 18 years) | Any of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis | No allergic disease | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions | OR 1.26 [1.11, 1.43] GRADE not reported 29 studies |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted asthma liability | Genetically predicted lower asthma liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Simple mode (64 SNPs) | OR 1.12 [0.88, 1.42] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted asthma liability | Genetically predicted lower asthma liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted median (64 SNPs) | OR 1.07 [0.96, 1.19] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted asthma liability | Genetically predicted lower asthma liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: MR-Egger (64 SNPs) | OR 1.11 [0.93, 1.34] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted asthma liability | Genetically predicted lower asthma liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted mode (64 SNPs) | OR 1.04 [0.86, 1.26] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted asthma liability | Genetically predicted lower asthma liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Inverse variance weighted (64 SNPs) | OR 1.09 [1.02, 1.17] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted allergic rhinitis liability | Genetically predicted lower allergic rhinitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted median (10 SNPs) | OR 0.94 [0.81, 1.09] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted allergic rhinitis liability | Genetically predicted lower allergic rhinitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: MR-Egger (10 SNPs) | OR 0.86 [0.55, 1.34] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted allergic rhinitis liability | Genetically predicted lower allergic rhinitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Simple mode (10 SNPs) | OR 0.96 [0.77, 1.20] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted allergic rhinitis liability | Genetically predicted lower allergic rhinitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Inverse variance weighted (10 SNPs) | OR 0.94 [0.84, 1.05] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted allergic rhinitis liability | Genetically predicted lower allergic rhinitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted mode (10 SNPs) | OR 0.95 [0.76, 1.19] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted atopic dermatitis liability | Genetically predicted lower atopic dermatitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Inverse variance weighted (61 SNPs) | OR 1.05 [0.99, 1.11] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted atopic dermatitis liability | Genetically predicted lower atopic dermatitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted mode (61 SNPs) | OR 0.97 [0.85, 1.10] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted atopic dermatitis liability | Genetically predicted lower atopic dermatitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: MR-Egger (61 SNPs) | OR 1.05 [0.87, 1.26] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted atopic dermatitis liability | Genetically predicted lower atopic dermatitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Simple mode (61 SNPs) | OR 1.00 [0.86, 1.17] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| European-ancestry GWAS participants (dental caries GWAS n = 199,565) | Genetically predicted atopic dermatitis liability | Genetically predicted lower atopic dermatitis liability | Presence of dental caries Community and clinic populations in 22 countries/regions · MR method: Weighted median (61 SNPs) | OR 1.00 [0.92, 1.08] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
Included primary studies 55
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaki 2013 The effects of asthma and asthma medication on dental caries and salivary characteristics in children. PMID:23534042 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Arafa 2019 Impact of Secretory Immunoglobulin A Level on Dental Caries Experience in Asthmatic Children. PMID:32440047 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Bahrololoomi 2018 Effect of inhaled medication on dental caries index in asthmatic children. PMID:29402495 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Bairappan 2020 Impact of asthma and its medication on salivary characteristics and oral health in adolescents: A cross-sectional comparative study. PMID:32357265 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Bakhshaee 2017 Allergic rhinitis and dental caries in preschool children. PMID:29238375 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Bansal 2021 Oral health assessment in children aging 8-15 years with bronchial asthma using inhalation medication. PMID:35465277 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Botelho 2011 Cariogenic microorganisms and oral conditions in asthmatic children. PMID:21822017 | 2011 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Brasil-Oliveira 2020 Oral health-related quality of life in individuals with severe asthma. PMID:33174972 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Brigic 2015 Antiasthmatic Inhaled Medications as Favoring Factors for Increased Concentration of Streptococcus Mutans. PMID:26543413 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chala 2017 Association between untreated carious lesions and asthma in adults at Rabat University Hospital, Morocco: a cross sectional study. PMID:28651623 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chellaih 2016 Effect of anti-asthmatic drugs on dental health: A comparative study. PMID:27829752 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chuang 2018 Allergic rhinitis, rather than asthma, is a risk factor for dental caries. PMID:28585768 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chumpitaz-Cerrate 2020 Impact of inhaler use on dental caries in asthma pediatrics patients: A case-control study. PMID:31984694 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Davidović 2022 Does bronchial asthma influences dental health of the diseased children? DOI:10.2298/vsp171111007d | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dhinsa 2021 Assessment of Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from Systemic Diseases. PMID:35110871 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ehsani 2013 Oral health status in preschool asthmatic children in Iran. PMID:23893809 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ersin 2006 Oral and dental manifestations of young asthmatics related to medication, severity and duration of condition. PMID:17168972 | 2006 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Fathima 2019 Evaluation of Salivary Parameters and Oral Health Status Among Asthmatic and Nonasthmatic Adult Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital. PMID:31803547 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Flexeder 2020 Is There an Association between Asthma and Dental Caries and Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation? PMID:31786571 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Godara 2013 Evaluation of cariogenic potential of dry powder inhalers: A case-control study. PMID:23741091 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hassanpour 2019 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ho 2019 Allergic rhinitis, rather than asthma, might be associated with dental caries, periodontitis, and other oral diseases in adults. PMID:31565570 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Katebi 2024 The relationship between dental caries with asthma, disease duration, and type of medications in the Azar cohort population. PMID:39702119 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Khalifa 2014 Salivary composition and dental caries among children controlled asthmatics DOI:10.1016/j.ejcdt.2014.05.003 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Khalilzadeh 2007 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2019 Effect of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma on Oral Health DOI:10.17135/jdhs.2019.19.4.228 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kumar 2019 Evaluation of oral health of 6 to 10-year-old asthmatic children receiving bronchodilator through inhaler. PMID:31854355 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Laurikainen 1998 Comparison of the oral health status and salivary flow rate of asthmatic patients with those of nonasthmatic adults--results of a pilot… PMID:9542614 | 1998 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Lenander-Lumikari 1998 Stimulated salivary flow rate and composition in asthmatic and non-asthmatic adults. PMID:9602294 | 1998 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Marković 2015 [Oral Health in Children with Asthma]. PMID:26727860 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mazzoleni 2008 Dental caries in children with asthma undergoing treatment with short-acting beta2-agonists. PMID:18844442 | 2008 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mehta 2009 Bronchial asthma and dental caries risk: results from a case control study. PMID:19575055 | 2009 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mohomed 2021 The Impact Of Anti- Asthmatic Medications On Salivary pH And Dental Caries Pattern In A Group Of Egyptian Children With Bronchial Asthma:… DOI:10.21608/adjc.2021.66820.1091 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nørrisgaard 2023 Asthma medication and risk of dental diseases in children - A prospective cohort study. PMID:37877844 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Park 2021 Dental Caries in Adults with Atopic Dermatitis: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in Korea. PMID:33935457 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ramos-Ríos 2017 [Asthma-associated oral and dental health repercussions in children aged 6 to 12 years]. PMID:29046025 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rezende 2019 Asthma and oral changes in children: Associated factors in a community of southern Brazil. PMID:30807677 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Santos 2012 Assessing caries, dental plaque and salivary flow in asthmatic adolescents using inhaled corticosteroids. PMID:21862197 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Segal 2001 Dental Caries in Children with Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria in Israel DOI:10.1089/088318701750314563 | 2001 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shah 2021 Association between asthma and dental caries in US (United States) adult population. PMID:32552098 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shahin 2025 Association of Adult Atopic Dermatitis with Impaired Oral Health and Oral Dysbiosis: A Case-Control Study. PMID:39523189 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shulman 2001 The association between asthma and dental caries in children and adolescents: A population-based case-control study. PMID:11423718 | 2001 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Silverberg 2013 Association between severe eczema in children and multiple comorbid conditions and increased healthcare utilization. PMID:23773154 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Smirnova 2020 Associations of self-reported atopic dermatitis with comorbid conditions in adults: a population-based cross-sectional study. PMID:33334332 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stensson 2008 Oral health in preschool children with asthma. PMID:18489575 | 2008 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stensson 2010 Caries prevalence, caries-related factors and plaque pH in adolescents with long-term asthma. PMID:21051892 | 2010 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stensson 2011 Oral health in young adults with long-term, controlled asthma. PMID:21231815 | 2011 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Świątkowska-Bury 2022 The use of anti-asthmatic inhalation therapy and the risk of dental caries in a group of Polish children: a prospective study. PMID:35722850 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tanaka 2008 Dental caries and allergic disorders in Japanese children: the Ryukyus Child Health Study. PMID:18972298 | 2008 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ucuncu 2024 A comparative evaluation of the effects of respiratory diseases on dental caries. PMID:38172821 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Vázquez 2011 Association between asthma and dental caries in the primary dentition of Mexican children. PMID:21633854 | 2011 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Vázquez-Nava 2008 Allergic rhinitis, feeding and oral habits, toothbrushing and socioeconomic status. Effects on development of dental caries in primary… PMID:18367835 | 2008 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Vitale 2023 Oral findings in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma: a cohort study of an Italian setting. PMID:37997235 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Wu 2019 Asthma medication increases dental caries among children in Taiwan: An analysis using the National Health Insurance Research Database. PMID:31890131 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yılmaz 2025 Comparison of oral and dental health between children on therapy for asthma and allergic rhinitis and their healthy peers DOI:10.5114/pja.2024.145209 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | People with asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis (well-described clinical or laboratory diagnoses) | 60 studies, 343,975 participants, 22 countries/regions; 42/60 studies in populations younger than 18 years; asthma (22 studies for caries presence), allergic rhinitis (3), atopic dermatitis (4) |
| Intervention | Allergic disease (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) as the exposure | Asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis |
| Comparison | People without the allergic disease | Non-allergic controls |
| Outcomes | Dental caries presence/prevalence and severity (dmft, defs, DMFT, DMFS, plaque index), clinically diagnosed | Presence of caries (OR), DMFT, DMFS, dmft/dft, defs/dfs and plaque index (WMD, SMD); MR odds ratios for caries |
| Study designs | Cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies; no language restriction; plus two-sample Mendelian randomization | 28 case-control, 25 cross-sectional and remaining cohort studies; two-sample MR using GWAS summary data (European) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |