Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM41516314
Effects of Photobiomodulation on Metabolic, Inflammatory, and Neurological Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Wevers Anne, San Roman-Mata Silvia, Navarro-Ledesma Santiago, et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025 · PubMed · doi:10.3390/ijms27010440
Findings
Population Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis
3 findings
| Photobiomodulation therapy (low-level laser/LED) as adjunct to scaling and root planing | Scaling and root planing alone (control) | Probing depth (PD) Longest follow-up per trial, 8 weeks to 12 months · Periodontal treatment of adults with T2DM | MD -0.25 [-0.43, -0.07] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 3 studies · 112 participants |
| Photobiomodulation therapy (low-level laser/LED) as adjunct to scaling and root planing | Scaling and root planing alone (control) | Plaque index (PI, Silness-Loe) Longest follow-up per trial, 8 weeks to 6 months · Periodontal treatment of adults with T2DM | MD -0.04 [-0.10, 0.02] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 2 studies · 74 participants |
| Photobiomodulation therapy (low-level laser/LED) as adjunct to scaling and root planing | Scaling and root planing alone (control) | Clinical attachment level (CAL) Longest follow-up per trial, 8 weeks to 12 months · Periodontal treatment of adults with T2DM | MD -0.21 [-0.39, -0.03] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 3 studies · 112 participants |
Included primary studies 10
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| da Silva Junior 2021 Efficacy of ILIB on periodontal clinical parameters and glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type II diabetes-randomized… PMID:34787762 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dos Santos 2019 Photobiomodulation for the treatment of periodontal pockets in patients with type 2 diabetes: 1-year results of a randomized clinical trial. PMID:31093797 | 2019 | this review only | Clinical attachment level (CAL); Probing depth (PD) | not extracted yet |
| Francisco 2019 Effects of light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic adjustments during aerobic exercise and glucose levels… PMID:30670240 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Javed 2015 Efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy with adjunct Nd:YAG laser therapy in the treatment of periodontal inflammation among patients… PMID:26103088 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kamatham 2022 Comparison of salivary calprotectin levels in periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus after low-level laser therapy as an adjunct… PMID:35321295 | 2022 | this review only | Clinical attachment level (CAL); Probing depth (PD); Plaque index (PI, Silness-Loe) | not extracted yet |
| Mrasori 2021 Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on Serum Values of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in Patients with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes… PMID:34012215 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ozberk 2020 The effect of photobiomodulation therapy on nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized… PMID:31641967 | 2020 | this review only | Clinical attachment level (CAL); Probing depth (PD); Plaque index (PI, Silness-Loe) | not extracted yet |
| Rastogi 2021 Effect of Monochromatic Infrared Energy on Quality of Life and Intraepidermal Nerve Fiber Density in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A… PMID:34747807 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Scontri 2023 Dose and time-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients combined or not with… PMID:37171054 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Serry 2021 Response of glycaemic control to extravascular low level laser therapy in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial DOI:10.5114/pq.2021.105752 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Adults with type 2 diabetes, with or without comorbidities | Adults with T2DM (n=10 RCTs; sample sizes 10 to 80) |
| Intervention | PBMT (low-level laser, LED, infrared light) 600-1100 nm | PBMT, 630-1064 nm, single session to 12 months |
| Comparison | Sham PBMT, placebo, usual care or no intervention | Sham PBMT; SRP alone; usual care |
| Outcomes | Primary: metabolic, inflammatory, neurological outcomes; secondary: periodontal clinical parameters | Metabolic, inflammatory, neurological (narrative); CAL, PD, PI pooled (3, 3, 2 RCTs) |
| Study designs | RCTs (parallel, crossover, split-mouth), English full text | 10 RCTs (3 in meta-analysis) |
| Timing | Not specified | 12 h to 12 months |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | No | No | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | No | No | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | RCT: Yes · NRSI: N/A | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | yes |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Critically Low | Critically Low | yes |