Cochrane · systematic review · CD015029
Measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID‐19 pandemic
Littlecott, H, Krishnaratne, S, Burns, J, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2024 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
16
current version
GRADE rated
16
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 7 · 43.8%Low 1 · 6.3%Moderate 8 · 50%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlySummary of findings: measures to reduce contacts
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases‐ number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ epidemic progression | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ risk of infection | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases: risk of infection | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Transmission‐related outcomes: deaths ‐ number and proportion of deaths | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Transmission‐related outcomes: hospitalization ‐ number or proportion of hospital admissions | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Transmission‐related outcomes: hospitalization ‐ Number or proportion of hospital admissions | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Summary of findings: measures to make contacts safer
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate |
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ risk of infection | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Summary of findings: surveillance and response measures
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases‐ number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Intended and unintended consequences: social and institutional consequences ‐ days of absences avoided | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
PPV | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Proportion of cases detected | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Onward transmission (secondary and tertiary transmission) | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Summary of findings: multicomponent measures
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Transmission‐related outcomes: cases ‐ risk of infection | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Summary of findings: measures reducing the opportunity for contacts
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Risk of infection | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Reproduction number | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of deaths | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Risk of death | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Shift in pandemic development | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of infected schools | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Risk of transmission to other schools | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of hospitalisations | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of cases requiring intensive care | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number of days spent in school | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Summary of findings: measures making contacts safer
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Reproduction number | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of deaths | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of hospitalisations | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Physical health | no estimate extracted | NR | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Concentration of aerosol particles containing RNA virus in the room and inhaled dose of RNA virus for a susceptible person | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Shift in pandemic development | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number of days spent in school | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Summary of findings: surveillance and response measures
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number of cases detected | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Reproduction number | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of deaths | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Shift in pandemic development | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Number or proportion of hospitalisations | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Numbers of days spent in school | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Resource costs | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Summary of findings: multicomponent measures
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number or proportion of cases | no estimate extracted | NR | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |