Cochrane · systematic review · CD014955
Day care as a strategy for drowning prevention in children under 6 years of age in low‐ and middle‐income countries
De Buck, E, Vanhove, A-C, O, D, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021 · Cochrane Library
Public HealthAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
21
current version
GRADE rated
4
No studies
17
Included studies
NR
No studies 17 · 81%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 9.5%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 2 · 9.5%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Day care programs (with additional components) compared to no day care programs for drowning prevention in children in LMICs
Population: 1‐ to 5‐year‐old children in LMICs
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted drowning mortality risk Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | AHR 0.181 [0.057, 0.577] | 1 study · 136577 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Drowning morbidity Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drowning (fatal and non‐fatal) Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Unsafe water exposure Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of unintentional injury Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Program safety Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cost‐effectiveness (cost [USD]/DALY averted as a consequence of drowning) Day care programs (with additional components) vs no day care programs | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 136577 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Day care programs compared to playpen provision for drowning prevention in children in LMICs
Population: 9‐ to 47‐month‐old children in LMICs
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Drowning mortality rate Day care programs vs playpen provision | Rate ratio 0.25 [0.15, 0.41] | 1 study · 76575 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Drowning morbidity Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drowning (fatal and non‐fatal) Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Unsafe water exposure Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of unintentional injury Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Program safety Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cost‐effectiveness Day care programs vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Day care programs combined with playpen provision compared to playpen provision for drowning prevention in children in LMICs
Population: 9‐ to 47‐month‐old children in LMICs
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Drowning mortality rate Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | Rate ratio 0.06 [0.02, 0.12] | 1 study · 45460 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Drowning morbidity Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drowning (fatal and non‐fatal) Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Unsafe water exposure Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence of unintentional injury Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Program safety Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cost‐effectiveness Day care programs combined with playpen provision vs playpen provision | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |