Cochrane · systematic review · CD012551
Non‐pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Franco, JVA, Turk, T, Jung, JH, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
49
current version
GRADE rated
20
No studies
29
Included studies
NR
No studies 29 · 59.2%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 10.2%Low 10 · 20.4%Moderate 4 · 8.2%High 1 · 2%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyAcupuncture compared to sham procedure for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis Symptoms Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 204 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Prostatitis Symptoms Acupuncture vs sham procedure | RR 2.49 [0.77, 8.02] | 2 studies · 113 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events Acupuncture vs sham procedure | RR 1.33 [0.51, 3.46] | 3 studies · 204 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Sexual dysfunction Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 89 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture compared to medical treatment for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms (NIH‐CPSI total) Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 78 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as a 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Acupuncture vs medical treatment | RR 3.57 [1.45, 8.8] | 1 study · 24 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 78 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Circumcision plus usual care compared to waiting list plus usual care for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 713 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events3 Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | RR 1.23 [0.86, 1.76] | 1 study · 713 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electromagnetic chair compared to control intervention for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 57 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 57 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Lifestyle modifications compared to control for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Lifestyle modifications vs control | RR 3.9 [2.2, 6.92] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostatic massage compared to no intervention for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy compared to control procedure for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 157 participants | High |
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as a 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | RR 6.2 [0.48, 79.79] | 2 studies · 135 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Prostatitis symptoms Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 97 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Adverse events Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | RR 1.22 [0.59, 2.51] | 3 studies · 195 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Sexual dysfunction Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Transrectal thermotherapy compared to medical treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 140 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) compared to medical treatment alone for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 145 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture compared to sham procedure for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 204 participants | High |
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as a 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Acupuncture vs sham procedure | RR 2.49 [0.77, 8.02] | 2 studies · 113 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Adverse events Acupuncture vs sham procedure | RR 1.33 [0.51, 3.46] | 3 studies · 204 participants | Moderate |
Sexual dysfunction Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 89 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs sham procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture compared to medical treatment for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms (NIH‐CPSI total) Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 78 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as a 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Acupuncture vs medical treatment | RR 3.57 [1.45, 8.8] | 1 study · 24 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 78 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Acupuncture vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Circumcision plus usual care compared to waiting list plus usual care for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 713 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events3 Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | RR 1.23 [0.86, 1.76] | 1 study · 713 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Circumcision plus usual care vs waiting list plus usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electromagnetic chair compared to control intervention for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 57 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 57 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Electromagnetic chair vs control intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Lifestyle modifications compared to control for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Lifestyle modifications vs control | RR 3.9 [2.2, 6.92] | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Lifestyle modifications vs control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostatic massage compared to no intervention for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Prostatic massage vs no intervention | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy compared to control procedure for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 157 participants | High |
Prostatitis symptoms: response defined as a 6‐point decrease in NIH‐CPSI score Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | RR 6.2 [0.48, 79.79] | 2 studies · 135 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Prostatitis symptoms Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 97 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Adverse events Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | RR 1.22 [0.59, 2.51] | 3 studies · 195 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Sexual dysfunction Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Extracorporeal shockwave therapy vs control procedure | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Transrectal thermotherapy compared to medical treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 140 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy vs medical treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) compared to medical treatment alone for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Population: participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostatitis symptoms Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 145 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sexual dysfunction ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression and anxiety ‐ not reported Transrectal thermotherapy (add‐on) vs medical treatment alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |