Cochrane · systematic review · CD011135
Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Pega, F, Pabayo, R, Benny, C, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2022 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
21
current version
GRADE rated
16
No studies
5
Included studies
NR
No studies 5 · 23.8%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 9 · 42.9%Low 5 · 23.8%Moderate 2 · 9.5%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlySummary of findings: unconditional cash transfer versus no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Has used any health service in previous 1 to 12 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 1.04 [1, 1.09] | 4972 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Is moderately stunted Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 1.02 [0.91, 1.14] | 3298 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Has died Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has had any illness in previous 2 weeks to 3 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 0.79 [0.67, 0.92] | 9367 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Has been food secure in previous month Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 1.25 [1.09, 1.45] | 2687 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Level of dietary diversity in previous week Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 9347 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Level of depression Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 9497 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer versus no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Owned livestock in previous year Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 7324 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Attends school Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 1 [1.04, 1.09] | 7136 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Engages in child labour Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 0.9 [0.8, 1.03] | 2448 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adult works Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 1 [0.95, 1.06] | 1700 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Parenting quality Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 1118 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Is extremely poor Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 0.9 [0.87, 0.97] | 3805 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Amount of money spent on health care in last month Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 9231 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers versus conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Has used any health service in previous 1 to 12 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 2559 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Is moderately stunted Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has died Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has had any illness in previous 2 weeks to 3 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | RR 1.11 [0.95, 1.25] | 3896 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Has been food secure Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Level of dietary diversity in previous week Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 3896 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Level of depression Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer versus no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Has used any health service in previous 1 to 12 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 1.04 [1, 1.09] | 5 studies · 4972 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Is moderately stunted Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | RR 0.96 [0.75, 1.21] | 2 studies · 551 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Has died Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has had any illness in previous 2 weeks to 3 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | OR 0.73 [0.57, 0.93] | 5 studies · 8446 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Has been food secure in previous month Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1386 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Level of dietary diversity in previous week Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 9347 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Level of depression Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 915 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer versus no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Owned livestock in previous year Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1286 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Attends school Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 1.06 [1.03, 1.09] | 6 studies · 4800 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Engages in child labour Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 0.9 [0.79, 1.02] | 3 studies · 2448 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adult works Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 1 [0.95, 1.05] | 2 studies · 1700 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Parenting quality Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1118 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Is extremely poor Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | RR 0.95 [0.89, 1] | 4 studies · 2684 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Amount of money spent on health care in last month Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: secondary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 20141 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers versus conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes
Population: children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Has used any health service in previous 1 to 12 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 2559 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Is moderately stunted Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has died Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Has had any illness in previous 2 weeks to 3 months Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | RR 1.11 [0.95, 1.25] | 1 study · 3896 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Has been food secure Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Level of dietary diversity in previous week Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 3896 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Level of depression Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfers vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |