Cochrane · systematic review · CD010957
Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of pulmonary embolism
Li, M, Li, J, Wang, X, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
12
current version
GRADE rated
9
No studies
3
Included studies
NR
No studies 3 · 25%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 1 · 8.3%Moderate 8 · 66.7%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyOral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) versus conventional anticoagulation for the treatment of pulmonary embolism
Population: people with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrent PEa Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 1.02 [0.5, 2.04] | 1 study · 1602 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
Recurrent VTEc Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.93 [0.52, 1.66] | 1 study · 1602 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
DVTd Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.79 [0.29, 2.13] | 1 study · 1602 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
All‐cause mortality Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleedinge Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.5 [0.15, 1.68] | 1 study · 1527 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
Health‐related quality of life Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulation for the treatment of pulmonary embolism
Population: people with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrent PEa Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.92 [0.66, 1.29] | 3 studies · 8186 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
Recurrent VTEc Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.83 [0.66, 1.03] | 8 studies · 11416 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
DVTd Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.77 [0.48, 1.25] | 2 studies · 8151 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
All‐cause mortality Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 1.16 [0.79, 1.7] | 1 study · 4817 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
Major bleedinge Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | OR 0.71 [0.36, 1.41] | 8 studies · 11447 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Health‐related quality of life Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) versus standard anticoagulation for the treatment of pulmonary embolism
Population: patients with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrent pulmonary embolism1 Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | OR 1.02 [0.5, 2.04] | 1 study · 1602 participants | High |
Recurrent venous thromboembolism4 Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.93 [0.52, 1.66] | 1 study · 1602 participants | High |
Deep vein thrombosis5 Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.79 [0.29, 2.13] | 1 study · 1602 participants | High |
All‐cause mortality Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleeding6 Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.5 [0.15, 1.68] | 1 study · 1527 participants | High |
Health‐related quality of life Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs standard anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral factor Xa inhibitors versus standard anticoagulation for the treatment of pulmonary embolism
Population: patients with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrent pulmonary embolism1 Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | OR 1.08 [0.46, 2.56] | 2 studies · 4509 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Recurrent venous thromboembolism5 Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.85 [0.63, 1.15] | 3 studies · 6295 participants | High |
Deep vein thrombosis6 Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.72 [0.39, 1.32] | 2 studies · 4509 participants | High |
All‐cause mortality Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | OR 1.16 [0.79, 1.7] | 1 study · 4817 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Major bleeding8 Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | OR 0.97 [0.59, 1.62] | 2 studies · 4507 participants | High |
Health‐related quality of life Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs standard anticoagulation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |