Cochrane · systematic review · CD009728
Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
Martin, A, Booth, JN, Laird, Y, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
21
current version
GRADE rated
11
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 10 · 47.6%Very low 2 · 9.5%Low 6 · 28.6%Moderate 2 · 9.5%High 1 · 4.8%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyPhysical activity intervention compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
School achievement: Mathematics Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 255 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Reading Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 308 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive functions Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 116 participants | High |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 84 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Mathematics Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 384 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
School achievement: Reading Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 284 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive functions Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Dietary interventions compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity and overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 382 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Mathematics Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 76 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
School achievement: Reading Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 67 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive function Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Adverse events Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Physical activity intervention compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
School achievement: Mathematics Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 255 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Reading Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 308 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive functions Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 116 participants | High |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 84 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events Physical activity intervention vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 31 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Mathematics Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 384 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
School achievement: Reading Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 284 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive functions Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Dietary interventions compared to standard practice for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity and overweight
Population: Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
School achievement: Average achievement across subjects taught at school Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 382 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
School achievement: Mathematics Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 76 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
School achievement: Reading Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 67 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
School achievement: Additional educational support needs Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Composite executive function Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cognitive function: Inhibition control Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Adverse events Dietary interventions vs standard practice | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lifestyle interventions versus standard care for improving school achievement—Findings after sensitivity analysis
Population: overweight or obese children and adolescents
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall school achievement Grade point average obtained from school records Scale from zero to 100 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 321 participants | Moderate |
Mathematics achievement Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Achievement III Scale from zero to 200 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 96 participants | High |
Language achievement CAT‐3—Canadian Achievement Test, version 3 Scale from zero to 1000 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 73 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Reading achievement Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Achievement III Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 96 participants | High |
Writing achievement Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vocabulary achievement Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, version 3 Scale from zero to 200 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 80 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Special education class Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Lifestyle interventions versus standard care for improving school achievement—Findings before sensitivity analysis
Population: patients with improving school achievement among overweight or obese children and adolescents
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall school achievement Grade point average obtained from school records and Canadian Achievement Test (CAT‐3) Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 385 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Mathematics achievement Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Achievement III and Canadian Achievement Test (CAT‐3) Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 151 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Language achievement Canadian Achievement Test (CAT‐3) Scale from zero to 1000 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 64 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Reading achievement Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Achievement III and Canadian Achievement Test (CAT‐3) Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 160 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Writing achievement Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vocabulary achievement Peabody Picture Voacabulary Test III Scale from zero to 200 Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | 80 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Special education classes Lifestyle interventions vs standard care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |