Cochrane · systematic review · CD008500
Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Rutjes, AWS, Porreca, E, Candeloro, M, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
70
current version
GRADE rated
40
No studies
27
Included studies
NR
No studies 27 · 38.6%Ungraded 3 · 4.3%Very low 3 · 4.3%Low 12 · 17.1%Moderate 18 · 25.7%High 7 · 10%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyDOAC versus placebo
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE DOAC vs placebo | RR 0.43 [0.18, 1.06] | 3 studies · 1526 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Major bleeding DOAC vs placebo | RR 1.74 [0.82, 3.68] | 3 studies · 1494 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE DOAC vs placebo | RR 0.38 [0.1, 1.47] | 3 studies · 1526 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Symptomatic DVT DOAC vs placebo | RR 0.51 [0.21, 1.22] | 3 studies · 1526 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Any VTE DOAC vs placebo | RR 0.55 [0.34, 0.9] | 2 studies · 1404 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
1‐year overall mortality DOAC vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Clinically relevant bleeding DOAC vs placebo | RR 1.61 [0.82, 3.15] | 2 studies · 931 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin versus no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.62 [0.46, 0.83] | 11 studies · 3931 participants | High |
Major bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 1.63 [1.12, 2.35] | 15 studies · 7282 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Symptomatic PE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.6 [0.42, 0.88] | 8 studies · 5324 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Symptomatic DVT Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.48 [0.35, 0.67] | 9 studies · 5408 participants | High |
Any VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.57 [0.46, 0.71] | 10 studies · 5743 participants | High |
1‐year overall mortality Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.94 [0.83, 1.07] | 9 studies · 2681 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 3.4 [1.2, 9.63] | 4 studies · 3105 participants | Moderate |
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin versus with active control (1)
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | RR 2.89 [0.12, 66.75] | 1 study · 51 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Major bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | RR 2.89 [0.12, 66.75] | NR | Ungraded |
Symptomatic DVT Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | RR 4.81 [0.24, 95.58] | NR | Ungraded |
1‐year overall mortality Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs with active control (1) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin versus active control (2)
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | RR 0.51 [0.22, 1.17] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Major bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.76] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | RR 0.13 [0.02, 1.03] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | RR 0.81 [0.32, 2.04] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Any VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year overall mortality Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (2) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin versus active control (3)
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | RR 0.33 [0.14, 0.83] | 1 study · 439 participants | High |
Major bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | RR 0.11 [0.01, 2.06] | 1 study · 439 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | RR 0.43 [0.17, 1.1] | 1 study · 439 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Any VTE Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year overall mortality Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs active control (3) | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin versus placebo
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 0.36 [0.22, 0.6] | 1 study · 3212 participants | High |
Major bleeding Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 1.05 [0.55, 2] | 1 study · 3172 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 0.48 [0.22, 1.01] | 1 study · 3212 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 0.32 [0.16, 0.63] | 1 study · 3212 participants | High |
Any VTE Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 0.36 [0.22, 0.6] | 1 study · 3212 participants | High |
1‐year overall mortality Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.08] | 1 study · 3212 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Clinically relevant bleeding Ultra‐low‐molecular‐weight heparin vs placebo | RR 1.4 [0.9, 2.19] | 1 study · 3172 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Unfractionated heparin versus no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleeding Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic DVT Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any VTE Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year overall mortality Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.86 [0.72, 1.03] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Clinically relevant bleeding Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 2.01 [0.18, 21.96] | 1 study · 277 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Vitamin K antagonists versus placebo or no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.15 [0.02, 1.2] | 1 study · 311 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Major bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 3.82 [0.97, 15.04] | 4 studies · 994 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 1.05 [0.07, 16.58] | 1 study · 311 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Symptomatic DVT Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.08 [0, 1.42] | 1 study · 311 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Any VTE Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year overall mortality Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin K antagonists versus active control
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | RR 1.5 [0.74, 3.04] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Major bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.75] | 1 study · 440 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | RR 1 [0.25, 3.95] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | RR 1.75 [0.75, 4.09] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Any VTE Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year overall mortality Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs active control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antithrombin versus no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory paediatric cancer patients newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who received chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleeding Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.78 [0.03, 18.57] | 1 study · 85 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Symptomatic PE Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic DVT Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any VTE Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.84 [0.41, 1.73] | 1 study · 85 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
1‐year overall mortality Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Antithrombin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Semuloparin versus placebo
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 0.36 [0.22, 0.6] | 1 study · 3212 participants | High |
Major bleeding Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 1.05 [0.55, 2] | 1 study · 3172 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 0.48 [0.22, 1.01] | 1 study · 3212 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 0.32 [0.16, 0.63] | 1 study · 3212 participants | High |
1‐year mortality Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.08] | 1 study · 3212 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Clinically relevant bleeding Semuloparin vs placebo | RR 1.4 [0.9, 2.19] | 1 study · 3172 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Low molecular weight heparin versus no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.54 [0.38, 0.75] | 9 studies · 3284 participants | High |
Major bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 1.44 [0.98, 2.11] | 13 studies · 6356 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.59 [0.4, 0.86] | 7 studies · 5226 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Symptomatic DVT Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.49 [0.35, 0.67] | 8 studies · 5310 participants | High |
1‐year mortality Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.93 [0.8, 1.09] | 8 studies · 2304 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 3.4 [1.2, 9.63] | 4 studies · 3105 participants | Moderate |
Prophylactic versus intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | RR 2.89 [0.12, 66.75] | 1 study · 51 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Major bleeding Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | RR 2.89 [0.12, 66.75] | NR | Ungraded |
Symptomatic DVT Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year mortality Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Prophylactic vs intermediate or therapeutic dose low molecular weight heparin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin versus aspirin
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | RR 0.51 [0.22, 1.17] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Major bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.76] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | RR 0.13 [0.02, 1.03] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | RR 0.81 [0.32, 2.04] | 2 studies · 781 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
1‐year mortality Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs aspirin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin versus vitamin K antagonists
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | RR 0.33 [0.14, 0.83] | 1 study · 439 participants | High |
Major bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | RR 0.11 [0.01, 2.06] | 1 study · 439 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | RR 0.43 [0.17, 1.1] | 1 study · 439 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
1‐year mortality Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Low molecular weight heparin vs vitamin K antagonists | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Unfractionated heparin versus no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleeding Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic PE Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic DVT Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year mortality Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.86 [0.72, 1.03] | 1 study · 277 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Clinically relevant bleeding Unfractionated heparin vs no thromboprophylaxis | RR 2.01 [0.18, 21.96] | 1 study · 277 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Vitamin K antagonists versus placebo or no thromboprophylaxis
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.15 [0.02, 1.2] | 1 study · 311 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Major bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 3.82 [0.97, 15.04] | 4 studies · 994 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 1.05 [0.07, 16.58] | 1 study · 311 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Symptomatic DVT Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | RR 0.08 [0, 1.42] | 1 study · 311 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
1‐year mortality Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs placebo or no thromboprophylaxis | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin K antagonists versus aspirin
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | RR 1.5 [0.74, 3.04] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Major bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.75] | 1 study · 440 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | RR 1 [0.25, 3.95] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | RR 1.75 [0.75, 4.09] | 1 study · 440 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
1‐year mortality Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Vitamin K antagonists vs aspirin | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antithrombin versus placebo
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Antithrombin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Major bleeding Antithrombin vs placebo | RR 0.78 [0.03, 18.57] | 1 study · 85 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Antithrombin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Symptomatic DVT Antithrombin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
1‐year mortality Antithrombin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinically relevant bleeding Antithrombin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Apixaban versus placebo
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE: Apixaban vs placebo | RR 0.08 [0.01, 0.67] | 1 study · 122 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Major bleeding Apixaban vs placebo | RR 0.62 [0.06, 6.63] | 1 study · 122 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic PE Apixaban vs placebo | RR 0.11 [0, 2.54] | 1 study · 122 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Symptomatic DVT Apixaban vs placebo | RR 0.08 [0.01, 0.67] | 1 study · 122 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
1‐year mortality Apixaban vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Clinically relevant bleeding Apixaban vs placebo | RR 1.87 [0.23, 14.91] | 1 study · 122 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Summary of findings table
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE | RR 0.53 | 8 studies · 3246 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Major bleeding | RR 1.3 | 9 studies · 3984 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Symptomatic PE | RR 0.59 | 5 studies · 2712 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
1‐year mortality | RR 0.95 | 7 studies · 2268 participants | High |
Summary of findings table
Population: ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Symptomatic VTE | RR 0.62 | 6 studies · 2464 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Major bleeding | RR 1.57 | 5 studies · 2394 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Symptomatic PE | RR 0.63 | 3 studies · 1710 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
1‐year mortality | RR 1.04 | 4 studies · 1848 participants | High |