Cochrane · systematic review · CD007978
Email for clinical communication between patients/caregivers and healthcare professionals
Atherton, H, Sawmynaden, P, Sheikh, A, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2012 · Cochrane Library
Consumers and CommunicationAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
16
current version
GRADE rated
9
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 7 · 43.8%Very low 9 · 56.3%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method compared to standard methods: Patient participants
Population: Healthcare usersa
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Patient's understanding Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 74 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Patient health status and wellbeing Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 147 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Patient/caregiver views Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 90 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Patient behaviours and actions Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 147 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Health service outcome; resource use Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 379 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Health professional outcomes Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Harms Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Patient participants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method compared to standard methods: Healthcare professional participants
Population: Physicians
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Patient related outcomes Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Healthcare professional participants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Health service outcome; resource use Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Healthcare professional participants | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 230 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Health professional outcome Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Healthcare professional participants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Harms Summary of findings: Email as additional communication method vs standard methods: Healthcare professional participants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings: Email counselling compared with telephone counselling
Population: Adults (25‐60 years)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Patient health status and wellbeing Summary of findings: Email counselling vs telephone counselling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 105 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Patient behaviours and actions Summary of findings: Email counselling vs telephone counselling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 105 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Health service outcomes Summary of findings: Email counselling vs telephone counselling | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Health professional outcomes Summary of findings: Email counselling vs telephone counselling | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Harms Summary of findings: Email counselling vs telephone counselling | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 105 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |