Cochrane · systematic review · CD007462
Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section
Hadiati, DR, Hakimi, M, Nurdiati, DS, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
12
current version
GRADE rated
8
No studies
4
Included studies
NR
No studies 4 · 33.3%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 4 · 33.3%Low 2 · 16.7%Moderate 2 · 16.7%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyParachlorometaxylenol with iodine versus iodine alone for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.99] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Endometritis Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.88 [0.56, 1.38] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Length of stay Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chlorhexidine gluconate compared to povidone iodine for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 0.72 [0.58, 0.91] | 8 studies · 4323 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Endometritis Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 0.95 [0.49, 1.86] | 3 studies · 2484 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Length of stay Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (maternal) ‐ skin irritation or allergic skin reaction Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 0.64 [0.28, 1.46] | 3 studies · 1926 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Drape compared to no drape for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Drape vs no drape | RR 1.29 [0.97, 1.71] | 3 studies · 1373 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Metritis Drape vs no drape | RR 1.62 [0.29, 9.16] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Length of stay (days) Drape vs no drape | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 603 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) Drape vs no drape | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drape compared to no drape before caesarean section for preventing infection
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Drape vs no drape before caesarean section | RR 1.29 [0.97, 1.71] | 2 studies · 1294 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Metritis or endometritis, or both Drape vs no drape before caesarean section | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Length of stay (days) Drape vs no drape before caesarean section | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 603 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) Drape vs no drape before caesarean section | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape compared to five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Endomyometritis One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | RR 1.62 [0.29, 9.16] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Length of stay One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine versus iodine alone for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.99] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Endometritis Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.88 [0.56, 1.38] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Length of stay Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (maternal or neonatal) Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chlorhexidine gluconate compared to povidone iodine for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Surgical site infection Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 0.8 [0.62, 1.02] | 6 studies · 3607 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Endometritis Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 1.01 [0.51, 2.01] | 2 studies · 2079 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Length of stay Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse events (maternal) ‐ skin irritation or allergic skin reaction Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone iodine | RR 0.6 [0.22, 1.63] | 2 studies · 1521 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Drape versus no drape for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: Women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Wound infection Drape vs no drape | RR 1.29 [0.97, 1.71] | 2 studies · 1294 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Metritis or endometritis, or both Drape vs no drape | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape versus five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: Women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Endomyometritis One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | RR 1.62 [0.29, 9.16] | 1 study · 79 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Wound infection One‐minute alcohol scrub with iodophor drape vs five‐minute iodophor scrub without drape | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine versus iodine alone for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: Women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Wound infection Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.99] | 1 study · 50 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Endometritis Parachlorometaxylenol with iodine vs iodine alone | RR 0.88 [0.56, 1.38] | 1 study · 50 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone‐iodine for preventing infection following caesarean section
Population: Women undergoing caesarean section
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Wound infection Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone‐iodine | RR 2.1 [0.2, 21.42] | 1 study · 43 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision |
Metritis or endometritis, or both Chlorhexidine gluconate vs povidone‐iodine | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |