Cochrane · systematic review · CD007095
Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
Azarpazhooh, A, Lawrence, HP, Shah, PS · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2016 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
21
current version
GRADE rated
8
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 13 · 61.9%Very low 0 · 0%Low 1 · 4.8%Moderate 7 · 33.3%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyXylitol versus control for prevention of AOM in healthy children
Population: preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Final diagnosis of at least one episode of AOM Xylitol vs control | RR 0.75 [0.65, 0.88] | 3 studies · 1826 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Gastrointestinal‐related adverse events Xylitol vs control | RR 1.43 [0.74, 2.75] | 3 studies · 1826 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Antibiotic administration Xylitol vs control | RR 0.64 [0.42, 0.97] | 1 study · 306 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Hospitalisation ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Mortality ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Number of days missed at school or daycare ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cost ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol versus control for prevention of AOM in healthy children during a respiratory infection
Population: preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Final diagnosis of at least one episode of AOM Xylitol vs control | RR 1.13 [0.83, 1.53] | 1 study · 1253 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Gastrointestinal‐related adverse events Xylitol vs control | RR 2.82 [0.61, 13] | 1 study · 1277 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Antibiotic administration ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Hospitalisation ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Mortality ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Number of days missed at school or daycare ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cost ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol versus control for prevention of AOM in otitis‐prone children
Population: preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Final diagnosis of at least one episode of AOM Xylitol vs control | RR 0.9 [0.67, 1.21] | 1 study · 326 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Gastrointestinal‐related adverse events Xylitol vs control | RR 1.04 [0.92, 1.16] | 1 study · 326 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic administration Xylitol vs control | RR 0.9 [0.69, 1.16] | 1 study · 326 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Hospitalisation ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Mortality ‐ not reported Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Number of days missed at school or daycare ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Cost ‐ not measured Xylitol vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol (administered in syrup, gum or lozenge) for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age
Population: children up to 12 years of age
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of children with at least one acute otitis media episode | RR 0.75 [0.65, 0.88] | 3 studies · 1826 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |