Cochrane · systematic review · CD005654
Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women
Dumoulin, C, Cacciari, LP, Hay‐Smith, EJC · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
18
current version
GRADE rated
13
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 5 · 27.8%Very low 0 · 0%Low 3 · 16.7%Moderate 9 · 50%High 1 · 5.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyPelvic floor muscle training compared to control for stress urinary incontinence in women
Population: women with SUI
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant‐perceived cure after treatment Treatment duration: 3–6 months Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | RR 8.38 [3.68, 19.07] | 4 studies · 165 participants | High |
Participant‐perceived cure or improvement after treatment Treatment duration: 3–6 months Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | RR 6.33 [3.88, 10.33] | 3 studies · 242 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 432 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Short (up to 1 hour) pad test measured as grams of urine Treatment duration: 6 weeks to 6 months Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 185 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
GRADE A UI‐specific symptom measures Treatment duration: 4–12 weeks Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 7 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
GRADE A UI‐specific QoL measures Treatment duration: 6 weeks to 6 months Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 6 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Pelvic floor muscle training compared to control for urinary incontinence (all types) in women
Population: women with UI (all types)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant‐perceived cure after treatment Treatment duration: 8–12 weeks Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | RR 5.34 [2.78, 10.26] | 3 studies · 290 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Participant‐perceived cure or improvement after treatment Treatment duration: 6–8 weeks Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | RR 2.39 [1.64, 3.47] | 2 studies · 166 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 349 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Short (up to 1 hour) pad test measured as grams of urine Treatment duration: 6 weeks to 6 months Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 146 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
GRADE A UI‐specific symptom measures Treatment duration: 12 weeks Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
GRADE A UI‐specific QoL measures Treatment duration: 6–12 weeks Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 4 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Pelvic floor muscle training compared to control for urgency urinary incontinence in women
Population: UUI in women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant‐perceived cure after treatment Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Participant‐perceived cure or improvement after treatment Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 12 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Short (up to 1 hour) pad test measured as grams of urine Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
GRADE A UI‐specific symptom measures Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
GRADE A UI‐specific QoL measures Pelvic floor muscle training vs control | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
PFMT versus no treatment, placebo or control for urinary incontinence in women (SUI)
Population: patients with urinary incontinence in women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant perceived cure ‐ stress urinary incontinence PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | RR 8.38 [3.68, 19.07] | 4 studies · 165 participants | High |
Participant perceived cure or improvement after treatment ‐ stress urinary incontinence PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | RR 17 [4.25, 67.95] | 2 studies · 121 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (King's Health Questionnaire/Incontinence impact after treatment) ‐ stress urinary incontinence PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 145 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours ‐ stress urinary incontinence PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 253 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Short (up to one hour) pad test measured as grams of urine ‐ stress urinary incontinence PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 150 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Treatment adherence ‐ not reported PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Formal economic analysis ‐ not reported PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT versus no treatment, placebo or control for urinary incontinence in women (all types)
Population: patients with urinary incontinence in women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Participant perceived cure ‐ urinary incontinence (all types) PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | RR 5.5 [2.87, 10.52] | 3 studies · 301 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Participant perceived cure or improvement after treatment ‐ urinary incontinence (all types) PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | RR 2.35 [1.62, 3.39] | 2 studies · 166 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Quality of life (King's Health Questionnaire/Incontinence impact after treatment) ‐ urinary Incontinence (all types) ‐ not reported PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours ‐ urinary incontinence (all types) PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 125 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Short (up to one hour) pad test measured as grams of urine ‐ urinary incontinence (all types) PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Treatment adherence ‐ not reported PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Formal economic analysis ‐ not reported PFMT vs no treatment, placebo or control | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |