Cochrane · systematic review · CD005549
Interventions for waterpipe smoking cessation
Asfar, T, Livingstone-Banks, J, Ward, KD, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
5
current version
GRADE rated
5
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 60%Low 2 · 40%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyInterventions for waterpipe smoking cessation
Population: people who use waterpipe
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Face‐to‐face behavioral intervention vs minimal or no support (Measured 3 to 6 months with CO‐validated prolonged and continuous abstinence, and self‐reported abstinence) | RR 2.64 [1.66, 4.2] | 851 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Varenicline plus behavioral intervention vs placebo plus behavioral intervention ‐ (repeated point prevalence abstinence (not even a puff/chew/session in the last 7 days) at each of weeks 5, 12, and 25 (combined), verified by CO cutoff < 10 ppm) | RR 1.24 [0.69, 2.24] | 2 studies · 662 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Bupropion therapy plus behavioral intervention vs behavioral intervention alone (continuous waterpipe smoking abstinence, defined as an expired CO of 9 ppm or less at the 6‐month postintervention | RR 0.77 [0.42, 1.41] | 121 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Bupropion therapy plus behavioral support versus self‐help (continuous waterpipe smoking abstinence, defined as an expired CO of 9 ppm or less at the 6‐month postintervention | RR 1.94 [0.94, 4] | 86 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
E‐health interventions | OR 1.48 | 2 studies · 389 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Comparison
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prolonged Cessation | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 200 participants | Very low |