Cochrane · systematic review · CD004827
Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic‐associated diarrhea
Guo, Q, Goldenberg, JZ, Humphrey, C, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2019 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
5
current version
GRADE rated
5
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 20%Low 2 · 40%Moderate 2 · 40%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyProbiotics as an adjunct to antibiotics for the prevention of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea in children
Population: Children receiving antibiotic treatment between 4 and 28 days duration for a variety of infections
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of AAD | RR 0.45 [0.36, 0.56] | 33 studies · 6352 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Incidence of AAD: Probiotic dose (≥5 billion CFUs of probiotics/day) | RR 0.37 [0.3, 0.46] | 20 studies · 4038 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Adverse events | no estimate extracted | 24 studies · 4415 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Duration of diarrhea (days) | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 1263 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Microbiome characteristics | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Probiotics as an adjunct to antibiotics for the prevention of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea in children
Population: Children given antibiotics
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of diarrhea | no estimate extracted | 22 studies · 3898 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse events | no estimate extracted | 16 studies · 2455 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Duration of diarrhea | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 897 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Stool frequency | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 425 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Probiotics as an adjunct to antibiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic‐associated diarrhea in children
Population: children given antibiotics
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of Diarrhea: Probiotic dose (equal to/greater than) | RR 0.4 [0.29, 0.55] | 7 studies · 1474 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse Events | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 1575 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Duration of Diarrhea | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 897 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stool Frequency | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 425 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |