Cochrane · systematic review · CD003654
Calcium channel blockers versus other classes of drugs for hypertension
Zhu, J, Chen, N, Zhou, M, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2022 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
20
current version
GRADE rated
20
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 7 · 35%Moderate 13 · 65%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyCCBs versus diuretic for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs diuretic | RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.04] | 5 studies · 35057 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1 [0.92, 1.08] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs diuretic | RR 0.94 [0.84, 1.05] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1.37 [1.25, 1.51] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1.02 [0.93, 1.12] | 4 studies · 32721 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
CCBs versus β‐blocker for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.94 [0.88, 1] | 4 studies · 44825 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.9 [0.79, 1.02] | 3 studies · 22249 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Stroke CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.77 [0.67, 0.88] | 3 studies · 22249 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.83 [0.67, 1.04] | 2 studies · 19915 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.9 [0.81, 0.99] | 4 studies · 44825 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
CCBs versus ACE inhibitor for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.97 [0.91, 1.03] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 1.05 [0.97, 1.14] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.9 [0.81, 0.99] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 1.16 [1.06, 1.28] | 5 studies · 25276 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.07] | 6 studies · 27619 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
CCBs versus ARB for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs ARB | RR 1 [0.92, 1.08] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.82 [0.72, 0.94] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.89 [0.76, 1] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs ARB | RR 1.2 [1.06, 1.36] | 5 studies · 23265 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.79 [0.54, 1.15] | 3 studies · 4642 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
CCBs versus diuretic for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs diuretic | RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.04] | 5 studies · 35057 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1 [0.92, 1.08] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs diuretic | RR 0.94 [0.84, 1.05] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1.37 [1.25, 1.51] | 5 studies · 34072 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs diuretic | RR 1.02 [0.93, 1.12] | 4 studies · 32721 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
CCBs versus β‐blocker for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.94 [0.88, 1] | 4 studies · 44825 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.9 [0.79, 1.02] | 3 studies · 22249 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Stroke CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.77 [0.67, 0.88] | 3 studies · 22249 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.83 [0.67, 1.04] | 2 studies · 19915 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs β‐blocker | RR 0.9 [0.81, 0.99] | 4 studies · 44825 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
CCBs versus ACE inhibitor for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.97 [0.91, 1.03] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 1.05 [0.97, 1.14] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.9 [0.81, 0.99] | 7 studies · 27999 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 1.16 [1.06, 1.28] | 5 studies · 25276 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs ACE inhibitor | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.07] | 6 studies · 27619 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
CCBs versus ARB for hypertension
Population: patients with hypertension
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality CCBs vs ARB | RR 1 [0.92, 1.08] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Myocardial infarction CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.82 [0.72, 0.94] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stroke CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.89 [0.76, 1] | 6 studies · 25611 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Congestive heart failure CCBs vs ARB | RR 1.2 [1.06, 1.36] | 5 studies · 23265 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Cardiovascular mortality CCBs vs ARB | RR 0.79 [0.54, 1.15] | 3 studies · 4642 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |