Cochrane · systematic review · CD003427
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
Rankine-Mullings, AE, Owusu-Ofori, S · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
12
current version
GRADE rated
9
No studies
3
Included studies
NR
No studies 3 · 25%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 9 · 75%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlySummary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis versus placebo
Population: children with SCD
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | OR 0.37 [0.16, 0.86] | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Deaths Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | OR 0.11 [0.01, 2.11] | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse effects Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Requirement of other courses of antibiotics Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Compliance to treatment Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 215 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis versus continuation
Population: children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of S pneumoniae Confirmed bacterial infection Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 0.49 [0.09, 2.71] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Deaths Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse effects: incidences of nausea and vomiting Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 1.99 [0.18, 22.12] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Requirement of other courses of antibiotics Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 0.94 [0.55, 1.61] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Compliance to treatment Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis versus placebo
Population: children with SCD
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | OR 0.37 [0.16, 0.86] | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Deaths Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | OR 0.11 [0.01, 2.11] | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse effects Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 457 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Requirement of other courses of antibiotics Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Compliance to treatment Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 215 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis versus continuation
Population: children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of S pneumoniae Confirmed bacterial infection Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 0.49 [0.09, 2.71] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Deaths Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse effects: incidences of nausea and vomiting Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 1.99 [0.18, 22.12] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Antibiotic‐resistant organisms isolated Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Requirement of other courses of antibiotics Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | OR 0.94 [0.55, 1.61] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Compliance to treatment Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis vs continuation | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |