Cochrane · systematic review · CD001141
Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies
Gavine, A, Shinwell, SC, Buchanan, P, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2022 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
20
current version
GRADE rated
19
No studies
1
Included studies
NR
No studies 1 · 5%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 10%Low 6 · 30%Moderate 11 · 55%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlySummary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only compared to usual care
Population: healthy breastfeeding women with healthy term babies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 6 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.93 [0.89, 0.97] | 30 studies · 14610 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.9 [0.88, 0.93] | 40 studies · 16332 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 4‐6 weeks Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.88 [0.79, 0.97] | 36 studies · 11413 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.83 [0.76, 0.9] | 42 studies · 14544 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 2 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.93 [0.77, 1.11] | 13 studies · 3169 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 2 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.81 [0.74, 0.89] | 17 studies · 4317 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 3‐4 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.87 [0.81, 0.93] | 32 studies · 12054 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 3‐4 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.81 [0.77, 0.85] | 43 studies · 11575 participants | Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding at 9 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.87 [0.78, 0.97] | 1 study · 552 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Stopping breastfeeding at 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ Breastfeeding support only vs usual care | RR 0.95 [0.9, 1] | 2 studies · 1311 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus compared to usual care for healthy breastfeeding women with healthy term babies
Population: healthy breastfeeding women with healthy term babies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 6 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.94 [0.91, 0.97] | 11 studies · 4879 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.79 [0.7, 0.9] | 13 studies · 7650 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 4‐6 weeks Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.94 [0.82, 1.08] | 6 studies · 2325 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.73 [0.57, 0.95] | 6 studies · 2402 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 2 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.92 [0.79, 1.07] | 4 studies · 2089 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 2 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.9 [0.78, 1.03] | 9 studies · 4537 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 3‐4 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.97 [0.81, 1.15] | 5 studies · 2064 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 3‐4 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.86 [0.75, 1] | 10 studies · 4766 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | RR 0.96 [0.91, 1] | 2 studies · 1431 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at 9 months ‐ not reported Summary of findings table ‐ Support plus vs usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
All forms of support versus usual care
Population: healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Stopping breastfeeding (any) before last study assessment up to 6 months All forms of support vs usual care | RR 0.91 [0.88, 0.95] | 51 studies · 21418 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding before last study assessment up to 6 months All forms of support vs usual care | RR 0.88 [0.85, 0.92] | 46 studies · 18591 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Stopping breastfeeding (any) at up to 4‐6 weeks All forms of support vs usual care | RR 0.87 [0.8, 0.95] | 33 studies · 11264 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Stopping exclusive breastfeeding at up to 4‐6 weeks All forms of support vs usual care | RR 0.79 [0.71, 0.89] | 32 studies · 10960 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |