Cochrane · systematic review · CD000253
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration
Evans, JR, Lawrenson, JG · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2017 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
28
current version
GRADE rated
15
No studies
13
Included studies
NR
No studies 13 · 46.4%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 4 · 14.3%Low 1 · 3.6%Moderate 6 · 21.4%High 4 · 14.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyVitamin E versus placebo
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD Vitamin E vs placebo | RR 0.97 [0.9, 1.06] | 4 studies · 55614 participants | High |
Late AMD (either neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy or both) Vitamin E vs placebo | RR 1.22 [0.89, 1.67] | 4 studies · 55614 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Neovascular AMD Vitamin E vs placebo | RR 3.62 [0.77, 16.95] | 1 study · 941 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Geographic atrophy Vitamin E vs placebo | RR 2.71 [0.28, 26] | 1 study · 941 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Quality of life Vitamin E vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse effects (AE) Vitamin E vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Resource use and costs Vitamin E vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Beta‐carotene versus placebo
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD Beta‐carotene vs placebo | RR 1 [0.88, 1.14] | 2 studies · 22083 participants | High |
Late AMD (either neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy or both) Beta‐carotene vs placebo | RR 0.9 [0.65, 1.24] | 2 studies · 22083 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Neovascular AMD Beta‐carotene vs placebo | RR 0.61 [0.17, 2.15] | 1 study · 941 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Geographic atrophy Beta‐carotene vs placebo | RR 0.31 [0.03, 2.93] | 1 study · 941 participants | Very low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness |
Quality of life Beta‐carotene vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse effects Beta‐carotene vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | High |
Resource use and costs Beta‐carotene vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitamin C versus placebo
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD Vitamin C vs placebo | RR 0.96 [0.79, 1.18] | 1 study · 14236 participants | High |
Late AMD (either neovascular AMD or geographic atrophy or both) Vitamin C vs placebo | RR 0.94 [0.61, 1.46] | 1 study · 14236 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Neovascular AMD Vitamin C vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Geographic atrophy Vitamin C vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life Vitamin C vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse effects Vitamin C vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Resource use and costs Vitamin C vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multivitamin versus placebo
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD Multivitamin vs placebo | RR 1.21 [1.02, 1.43] | 1 study · 14233 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Late AMD Multivitamin vs placebo | RR 1.22 [0.88, 1.69] | 1 study · 14233 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Neovascular AMD Multivitamin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Geographic atrophy Multivitamin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Quality of life Multivitamin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Adverse effects Multivitamin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Resource use and costs Multivitamin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: vitamin E
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD | RR 0.97 [0.85, 1.09] | 4 studies · 40887 participants | High |
Advanced AMD | RR 1.34 [0.84, 2.14] | 4 studies · 40887 participants | High |
Summary of findings: beta‐carotene
Population: general population
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Any AMD | RR 1.03 [0.89, 1.19] | 3 studies · 21589 participants | High |
Advanced AMD | RR 0.97 [0.69, 1.36] | 3 studies · 21589 participants | High |