Cochrane · systematic review · CD000031
Antidepressants for smoking cessation
Hajizadeh, A, Howes, S, Theodoulou, A, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
9
current version
GRADE rated
9
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 5 · 55.6%Moderate 2 · 22.2%High 2 · 22.2%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyBupropion versus placebo/no pharmacological treatment for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months of Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacological treatment | RR 1.6 [1.49, 1.72] | 50 studies · 18577 participants | High |
Serious adverse events Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacological treatment | RR 1.16 [0.9, 1.48] | 23 studies · 10958 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, publication bias |
Dropouts due to treatment Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacological treatment | RR 1.44 [1.27, 1.65] | 25 studies · 12346 participants | High |
Bupropion plus nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) versus NRT alone for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months of Bupropion plus nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) vs NRT alone | RR 1.17 [0.95, 1.44] | 15 studies · 4117 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Serious adverse events Bupropion plus nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) vs NRT alone | RR 1.52 [0.26, 8.89] | 4 studies · 657 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Dropouts due to treatment Bupropion plus nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) vs NRT alone | RR 1.67 [0.95, 2.92] | 3 studies · 737 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Bupropion plus varenicline versus varenicline alone for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months of Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 1.21 [0.95, 1.55] | 3 studies · 1057 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Serious adverse events Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 1.23 [0.63, 2.42] | 5 studies · 1268 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Dropouts due to treatment Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 0.8 [0.45, 1.45] | 4 studies · 1230 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Bupropion compared to placebo/no pharmacotherapy control for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacotherapy control | RR 1.64 [1.52, 1.77] | 46 studies · 17866 participants | High |
Serious adverse events Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacotherapy control | RR 1.16 [0.9, 1.48] | 21 studies · 10625 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Dropouts due to adverse events of the drug Bupropion vs placebo/no pharmacotherapy control | RR 1.37 [1.21, 1.56] | 25 studies · 12340 participants | High |
Bupropion plus NRT compared to NRT alone for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months Bupropion plus NRT vs NRT alone | RR 1.19 [0.94, 1.51] | 12 studies · 3487 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency |
Serious adverse events Bupropion plus NRT vs NRT alone | RR 1.52 [0.26, 8.89] | 3 studies · 607 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dropouts due to adverse events of the drug Bupropion plus NRT vs NRT alone | RR 1.67 [0.95, 2.92] | 2 studies · 538 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Bupropion plus varenicline compared to varenicline alone for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Smoking cessation (at least six months Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 1.21 [0.95, 1.55] | 3 studies · 1057 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Serious adverse events Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 1.23 [0.63, 2.42] | 5 studies · 1268 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Dropouts due to adverse events of the drug Bupropion plus varenicline vs varenicline alone | RR 0.8 [0.45, 1.45] | 4 studies · 1230 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Bupropion for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Bupropion versus placebo/control. Abstinence | RR 1.62 [1.49, 1.76] | 44 studies · 13728 participants | High |
Bupropion and NRT versus NRT alone. Abstinence | RR 1.19 [0.94, 1.51] | 12 studies · 3487 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Bupropion versus NRT. Abstinence | RR 0.96 [0.85, 1.09] | 8 studies · 4086 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Nortriptyline for smoking cessation
Population: people who smoke
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Nortriptyline versus placebo. Abstinence | RR 2.03 [1.48, 2.78] | 6 studies · 975 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Nortriptyline and NRT versus NRT alone. Abstinence | RR 1.21 [0.94, 1.55] | 5 studies · 1644 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |