Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 5 · 71.4%Moderate 1 · 14.3%High 1 · 14.3%

Topical prophylaxis vs no topical prophylaxis

Respiratory tract infections ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus systemic prophylaxis alone · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in respiratory tract infections ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis… compared with no topical prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.58, 1.16]
6 studies · 850 participants
Low

Topical prophylaxis vs no topical prophylaxis

Overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus systemic prophylaxis alone · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus… compared with no topical prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.92 [0.72, 1.18]
7 studies · 939 participants
Low

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Overall mortality · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis leads to lower overall mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.73, 0.96]
18 studies · 5290 participants
High

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Respiratory infections · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis probably leads to lower respiratory tract infections compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.43 [0.35, 0.53]
17 studies · 2951 participants
Moderate

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Dropouts due to adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.3, 3.76]
4 studies · 1287 participants
Low

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.57, 2.04]
6 studies · 2637 participants
Low

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis vs placebo or no treatment

Allergic adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours

Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in allergic adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.49 [0.09, 25.33]
6 studies · 2981 participants
Low