Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

227 questions · 237 findings · 14 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 86 · 36.3%GRADE not reported 82 · 34.6%Very low 48 · 20.3%Low 7 · 3%Moderate 7 · 3%High 7 · 3%

Referral to specialist agencies for support in relation to domestic violence vs no intervention

Severity of injury by self report · Adults (16 years of age and older) who present to any healthcare setting with dental or facial injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes
No eligible randomised controlled trials were identified. The update search retrieved an additional 2129 references; after de-duplication this left 1381 potentially eligible studies, and after examination of titles and…
0 studies
No studies found

Referral to specialist agencies for support in relation to domestic violence vs no intervention

Frequency of physical assault by self report · Adults (16 years of age and older) who present to any healthcare setting with dental or facial injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes
No eligible randomised controlled trials were identified. The update search retrieved an additional 2129 references; after de-duplication this left 1381 potentially eligible studies, and after examination of titles and…
0 studies
No studies found

Referral to specialist agencies for support in relation to domestic violence vs Different intervention programme

Frequency of physical assault by self report · Adults (16 years of age and older) who present to any healthcare setting with dental or facial injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes
No eligible randomised controlled trials were identified. The update search retrieved an additional 2129 references; after de-duplication this left 1381 potentially eligible studies, and after examination of titles and…
0 studies
No studies found

Referral to specialist agencies for support in relation to domestic violence vs Different intervention programme

Severity of injury by self report · Adults (16 years of age and older) who present to any healthcare setting with dental or facial injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes
No eligible randomised controlled trials were identified. The update search retrieved an additional 2129 references; after de-duplication this left 1381 potentially eligible studies, and after examination of titles and…
0 studies
No studies found

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 24-month recall

Periodontal disease: gingival bleeding (percentage of sites) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in periodontal disease: gingival bleeding (percentage of sites) compared with clinical examination with 24-month recall (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 years
MD -0.07 [-4.10, 3.96]
1 study · 279 participants
High

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Periodontal disease: gingival bleeding (percentage of sites) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

1 finding from 1 review

Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 years
MD 0.78 [-1.17, 2.73]
1 study · 1472 participants
High

Clinical examination with 24-month recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Periodontal disease: gingival bleeding (percentage of sites) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with 24-month recall showed no clear difference in periodontal disease: gingival bleeding (percentage of sites) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 years
MD -0.91 [-5.02, 3.20]
1 study · 271 participants
Moderate

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Stage at diagnosis (early-stage detection) · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers led to lower stage at diagnosis (early-stage detection) compared with no screening; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up
RR 0.81 [0.70, 0.93]
1 study · 523 participants
GRADE not reported
Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up · High-risk individuals (tobacco and/or alcohol users)
RR 0.82 [0.71, 0.95]
1 study · 486 participants
GRADE not reported

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Plaque · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

It is very uncertain whether flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated… changes plaque (Turesky-modified Quigley-Hein/other plaque indices; SMD) compared with toothbrushing alone (with or without a negative-control/placebo rinse) (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 month (mean 29 days)
SMD -0.23 [-0.52, 0.06]
5 studies · 416 participants
Very low
Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 months
SMD -0.06 [-0.23, 0.12]
3 studies · 487 participants
GRADE not reported
Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 months
SMD -0.20 [-0.36, -0.04]
5 studies · 594 participants
GRADE not reported

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Side effects · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not estimable (5 studies). Adverse effects were assessed in five studies, but they used different outcome measures, so meta-analysis was not appropriate. The main harm identified was soft-tissue trauma to the gingival…
5 studies
GRADE not reported

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated… led to lower gingivitis (Gingival Index, 0-3 scale; SMD) compared with toothbrushing alone (with or without a negative-control/placebo rinse); GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 months
SMD -0.41 [-0.68, -0.14]
6 studies · 656 participants
GRADE not reported
Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
1 month
SMD -0.36 [-0.66, -0.05]
7 studies · 489 participants
Very low
Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 months
SMD -0.72 [-1.09, -0.35]
4 studies · 564 participants
GRADE not reported

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Economic and resource cost of flossing · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not reported. No included study measured the economic or resource cost of flossing; the review notes it may be important to measure in future trials.
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Interproximal caries · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not estimable (0 studies). See comment: No included study assessed caries as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Periodontitis (clinical attachment loss) · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not estimable (0 studies). SoF comment reads (verbatim) 'No included study assessed calculus as an outcome' (apparent copy-paste typo in the clinical attachment loss row; no study assessed clinical attachment loss).
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Bad breath (halitosis) · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not reported. No included study measured halitosis; the review notes it may be important to measure in future trials.
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Calculus · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not estimable (0 studies). See comment: No included study assessed calculus as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Flossing plus toothbrushing (self-performed; manual or automated floss) vs Toothbrushing alone

Quality of life · Dentate adults aged 16 years or older (excluding orthodontic patients and those with severe periodontal disease)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Flossing for the management of periodontal diseases and dental caries in adults 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
Not estimable (0 studies). See comment: No included study assessed quality of life as an outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Quality of life (validated questionnaire) · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
No data were available for this patient-reported outcome in the single included trial.
0 studies
No studies found

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Instrumental assessment: nasalance score (nasometry and pressure-flow measure) · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
Nasalance score by nasometry and pressure-flow measure: the single included trial (Ysunza 2001) provided no data for this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Self-esteem (Piers-Harris self-concept scale) · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
No data were available for this patient-reported outcome in the single included trial.
0 studies
No studies found