Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

54 questions · 57 findings · 6 reviews · Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 6 · 10.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 30 · 52.6%Low 10 · 17.5%Moderate 7 · 12.3%High 4 · 7%

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

All topical NSAIDs Local adverse events · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

1 finding from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
42 studies · 6125 participants
High

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

All topical NSAIDs Systemic adverse events · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

1 finding from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
38 studies · 5372 participants
High

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

All topical NSAIDs Withdrawals ‐ adverse events · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

1 finding from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
42 studies · 5790 participants
High

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

At least 50% reduction in pain · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

2 findings from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 314 participants
High
Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 348 participants
Moderate

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

Clinical success (eg 50% reduction in pain) Chronic conditions · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

1 finding from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 241 participants
Moderate

Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo

Serious adverse events · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull

1 finding from 1 review

Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.66, 0.95]
5 studies · 355 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.66, 1.02]
3 studies · 212 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.56, 1.02]
2 studies · 143 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs · patients with postoperative pain

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 350 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs · patients with postoperative pain

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 524 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.19 [0.87, 1.63]
5 studies · 309 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes paracetamol vs NSAIDs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.59, 1.98]
2 studies · 120 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Propacetamol vs NSAIDs · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes propacetamol vs NSAIDs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.23 [0.86, 1.77]
3 studies · 189 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 540 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 160 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 380 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

The intervention showed no clear difference in para/propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.86, 1.18]
5 studies · 353 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes paracetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.72, 1.13]
2 studies · 130 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes propacetamol vs NSAIDs see footnote1 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single dose intravenous paracetamol or intravenous propacetamol for postoperative pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.86, 1.34]
3 studies · 223 participants
Very low