All‐cause mortality; · Ventilator‐associated pneumonia
Monotherapy showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality; compared with combination therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical cure · Ventilator‐associated pneumonia
It is very uncertain whether monotherapy changes clinical cure (ITT) compared with combination therapy (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Adverse events · Ventilator‐associated pneumonia
Monotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with combination therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · Ventilator‐associated pneumonia
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of patients with resolution or improved symptoms at days 3 to 7 · patients with acute sinusitis
Oral corticosteroids showed no clear difference in proportion of patients with resolution or improved symptoms at days… compared with placebo or NSAID (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of patients with resolution or improved symptoms at days 4 to 14 · patients with acute sinusitis
Oral corticosteroids showed no clear difference in proportion of patients with resolution or improved symptoms at days… compared with placebo or NSAID (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Primary outcome: subjective symptom score (mean) ‐ 3 hours after dosing · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary outcome: all adverse eventsTopical · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Primary outcome: subjective symptom score (mean) ‐ 3 hours after dosing · adult patients with the common cold
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 146 participants
Moderate
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 85 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
GRADE not reported
Primary outcome: subjective symptom score (AUC) ‐ 3 hours after dosingOral · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Outcomes relevant to participants' well‐being · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary outcome: all adverse events · adult patients with the common cold
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
General well‐being · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary outcome: all adverse events · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Primary outcome: subjective symptom score (mean) ‐ 3 hours after dosing · adult patients with the common cold
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 94 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
GRADE not reported
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
GRADE not reported
Outcomes relevant to participants' well‐being · adult patients with the common cold
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary outcome: all adverse events · adult patients with the common cold
Summary of findings for multi‐dose nasal decongestant showed no clear difference in secondary outcome: all adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary outcome: all adverse eventsOral · adult patients with the common cold
Summary of findings for multi‐dose nasal decongestant showed no clear difference in secondary outcome: all adverse eventsOral compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review