Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

181 questions · 190 findings · 13 reviews · Urology

No studies found 18 · 9.5%GRADE not reported 9 · 4.7%Very low 48 · 25.3%Low 74 · 38.9%Moderate 39 · 20.5%High 2 · 1.1%

Serenoa repens vs placebo or no intervention

Urologic symptom scores · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Serenoa repens showed no clear difference in urologic symptom scoreMeasured by IPSS scores (range 0 to 35)Higher… compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Serenoa repens vs placebo or no intervention

QoL · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Serenoa repens showed no clear difference in quality of lifeMeasured by IPSS‐QoL score (range 0 to 6) compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Serenoa repens vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse eventsCumulative incidence · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Serenoa repens showed no clear difference in adverse eventsCumulative incidence compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Serenoa repens in combination with other phytotherapy vs placebo or no intervention

Urologic symptom scores · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Serenoa repens in combination with other phytotherapy showed no clear difference in urologic symptom scoreMeasured by IPSS scores (range 0 to 35)Higher… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Serenoa repens in combination with other phytotherapy vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse eventsCumulative incidence · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Serenoa repens in combination with other phytotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse eventsCumulative incidence compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs sham

Retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery · men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy may leads to lower retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery compared with sham treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review