Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 4 · 57.1%Very low 3 · 42.9%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Any neonatal injury (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (with or without episiotomy) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (with or without episiotomy) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.55, 2]
2 studies · 218 participants
Very low

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Postpartum haemorrhage · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Low Apgar score · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 118 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Failed delivery with allocated instrument (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes failed delivery with allocated instrument (primary) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.26 [0.09, 0.76]
2 studies · 218 participants
Very low

Low‐cavity forceps vs any vacuum cup

Any maternal trauma (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth

It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes any maternal trauma (primary) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Instruments for assisted vaginal birth 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 7.44 [0.37, 147.92]
1 study · 100 participants
Very low