Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

304 questions · 310 findings · 24 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer

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No studies found 96 · 31%GRADE not reported 20 · 6.5%Very low 83 · 26.8%Low 70 · 22.6%Moderate 30 · 9.7%High 11 · 3.5%

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Elemental diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Mean GI symptom scores (IBDQ‐B) · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 50 participants
Low

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Acute and late GI toxicity (grade 2+) · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Diarrhoea (grade 2+) · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

Summary of findings: Diet interventions showed no clear difference in diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with usual on‐treatment diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.45, 1.38]
1 study · 50 participants
Low

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

QoL · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

Summary of findings: Diet interventions showed no clear difference in QOL scores (IBDQ) (higher scores better) compared with usual on‐treatment diet (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 4.6
1 study · 50 participants
Low
Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 119 participants
GRADE not reported
Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 2.4
1 study · 76 participants
Low

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Lactose‐restricted diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Diarrhoea (grade 1+) · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

Summary of findings: Diet interventions showed no clear difference in diarrhoea (grade 1+) compared with usual on‐treatment diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.45, 1.23]
1 study · 119 participants
Low

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

High‐fibre diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Low‐fibre diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Low‐fat diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Mean GI symptom scores (Vaizey scale) (higher scores better) · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

Summary of findings: Diet interventions showed no clear difference in mean GI symptom scores (Vaizey scale) (higher scores better) compared with usual on‐treatment diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 70 participants
Low

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Diarrhoea · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention diet vs usual on‐treatment diet

Prebiotic diet · People undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for urological, gynaecological or colorectal cancer

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs usual care

Aerobic exercise tolerance (all cancers: 8 to 12 weeks of

3 findings from 1 review

Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 604 participants
Low
Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 201 participants
Low
Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 357 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Aerobic exercise tolerance (all cancers: 6 months)

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 591 participants
Low

Exercise vs usual care

Aerobic exercise tolerance (breast cancer: 8‐12 weeks of

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 441 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Aerobic exercise tolerance (all cancers: home‐based exercise: 8 to 12 weeks of

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 155 participants
Very low

Exercise vs usual care

Aerobic exercise tolerance (all cancers:supervised exercise: 8 to 12 weeks of

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for promoting habitual exercise in people living with and beyond cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 92 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: Conformal RT vs conventional dose RT

Mean GI symptom scores · People with urological (prostate) and gynaecological (cervical) cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: Conformal RT vs conventional dose RT

Acute and late GI toxicity (grade 2+) · People with urological (prostate) and gynaecological (cervical) cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 307 participants
High