What do systematic reviews say?

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

Short‐acting insulin analogues showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (N) compared with regular human insulin (moderate certainty).

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 1.66 [0.41, 6.64]
  6 studies · 2519 participants
  Moderate
• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 2509 participants
  Low
• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.89 [0.71, 1.12]
  7 studies · 2459 participants
  Very low

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2608 participants
  Low
• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 2608 participants
  Low

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 2 participants
  Very low
• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 2667 participants
  Very low

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adult, non‐pregnant persons with type 2 diabetes… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Short‐acting insulin analogues vs regular human insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Short‐acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

It is very uncertain whether insulin analogues changes hypoglycaemic episodes a) Non‐serious hypoglycaemia compared with biphasic insulin (very low certainty).

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.43 [0.13, 1.4]
  2 studies · 500 participants
  Very low

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

It is very uncertain whether insulin analogues changes any adverse events other than hypoglycaemia compared with biphasic insulin (very low certainty).

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.44, 1.56]
  2 studies · 500 participants
  Very low

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

It is very uncertain whether insulin analogues changes all‐cause mortality compared with biphasic insulin (very low certainty).

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.02 [0.12, 73.53]
  1 study · 263 participants
  Very low

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Insulin analogues vs biphasic insulin

• Interventions for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus fasting during Ramadan 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 245 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 870 participants
  Low
• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 873 participants
  Very low

Insulin glargine vs NPH insulin

Summary of findings: insulin glargine showed no clear difference in severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia (n/N) Definition: severe… compared with NPH insulin (moderate certainty).

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.62, 1.12]
  6 studies · 1893 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  4.97 [0.79, 31.38]
  9 studies · 3334 participants
  Moderate
• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.74 [0.2, 2.65]
  8 studies · 2328 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 3122 participants
  Moderate
• (Ultra‐)long‐acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for adults with type 2 diabetes… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 2233 participants
  Low