Physician Global Assessment (clinical signs, complete response) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Fluocinonide in adhesive base showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (clinical signs, complete response) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Partial response (>33% improvement) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Fluocinonide in adhesive base showed no clear difference in partial response (>33% improvement) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical response (not analysable) · People with symptomatic, biopsy-confirmed oral lichen planus (OLP); not concurrently receiving other OLP treatment
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether tongue depressor stretches (physiotherapy) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional steroid plus hyaluronidase injections (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults seeking treatment for the symptom of dry mouth (xerostomia) due to any cause (e.g. medication, Sjogren's syndrome, radiotherapy,…
1 finding from 1 review
Kerr 2010 (crossover, high risk of bias): no difference in oral dryness between active and placebo disks; increase in subjective oral moistness with both, persisting up to 2 weeks after last use (likely carryover);…
1 study
GRADE not reported
Salivary flow rate · Adults seeking treatment for the symptom of dry mouth (xerostomia) due to any cause (e.g. medication, Sjogren's syndrome, radiotherapy,…
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary flow rate · Elderly (>60 years) and medically compromised adults with xerostomia / dry mouth
Across 19 studies the effect of gum chewing on stimulated and/or unstimulated salivary flow rate was mixed (9 positive, 10 no effect); this broad outcome was not meta-analyzed.
1 finding from 1 review
The effect of gum chewing on xerostomia and salivary flow rate in elderly and medically compromised subjects: a… 2023 All outcomesVarious (single session to 12 months) · Haemodialysis units, elderly / geriatric care, cancer and palliative care, and xerostomia / hyposalivation clinics (studies from multiple countries)
Narrative vote-count: of 19 studies measuring stimulated and/or unstimulated saliva flow rate, 9 found a positive effect of gum chewing [17,18,22,24,27,35,36,38,39] and 10 detected no effect…
19 studies
GRADE not reported
Pain reduction (VAS 0-10) · People with erosive oral lichen planus
Clobetasol propionate ointment 0.05% showed no clear difference in pain reduction (VAS 0-10) compared with 5% topical mesalazine gel in adhesive base; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects · People with erosive oral lichen planus
1 finding from 1 review