What do systematic reviews say?

First‐line chemotherapy vs BSC

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 65 participants
  Very low

First‐line chemotherapy vs BSC

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 65 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower overall survival (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.73 [0.55, 0.96]
  2 studies · 542 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 542 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 542 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to higher quality of life (low certainty).

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.18 [0.05, 0.25]
  1 study · 141 participants
  Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) probably leads to lower overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.68 [0.6, 0.76]
  6 studies · 2111 participants
  Moderate

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to lower progression‐free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.68 [0.51, 0.88]
  5 studies · 1886 participants
  Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to higher overall response rate (ORR) compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.4 [1.12, 1.75]
  4 studies · 1672 participants
  Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to lower adverse Events grade 3‐4 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.41 [0.33, 0.5]
  5 studies · 3346 participants
  Low

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Single‐immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may leads to higher QOL‐C30 GHS/QOL (range 0‐100) ‐ change from baseline to week 15 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.51 [1.08, 2.1]
  1 study · 297 participants
  Low

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) probably leads to lower overall Survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.72 [0.59, 0.89]
  2 studies · 612 participants
  Moderate

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs chemotherapy alone

Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed no clear difference in adverse Events grade 3 to 4 compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Single or combined immune checkpoint inhibitors compared to first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy with or without… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.78 [0.55, 1.09]
  2 studies · 1869 participants
  Low

Afatinib vs chemotherapy alone

Afatinib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.91 [0.75, 1.1]
  2 studies · 709 participants
  High

Afatinib vs chemotherapy alone

Afatinib leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• First‐line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non‐squamous non‐small cell… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.42 [0.34, 0.53]
  2 studies · 709 participants
  High